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Bipedal Development from Bono to Yorick (Bono (specimen observed to walk…
Bipedal Development from Bono to Yorick
Yorick
distinguished (from apes)
by their ability to stand upright.
A theory from washington university shows that the bimodal trait could have been acquired through “tree dwelling apes” (ScienceDaily 2007) rather than in other early human ancestors.
Data collected from the sumatran rainforest indicated that the early ancestor of the orangutan may have used this trait to collect food in a more efficient manner (ScienceDaily 2007).
Bono
specimen observed to walk in an upright positioned as of alternate positioning of the connection hole of the spinal cord, this was positioned so the head would be held upright (likely to walk upright as of head positioning)(Wayman, 2012).
Neanderthals and H.erectus skeletals studied in the 1930/1940s provided evidence towards bipedal forms of mobility occurring before human development.
Sahelanthropus Tchadensis skeletal bones unearthed in Chad show the foramen magnum positioning to be similar to a bipedal positioning animal.
Orrorin Tugenensis skeletal thigh bones were found in Kenya, showing that the species was bipedal(Wayman, 2012).
Homo erectus skeletons discovered show the species to be the first (1.89 million years ago) to grow tall and have evolved legs(Wayman, 2012).
bipedal walking is more ‘expensive’ when regarding calories burned and energy used to knuckle walking,
bipedal walking showed up to using ~75% less energy than when knuckle walking, and burned ~75% less calories.
Collective Theories
Yorick
Bipedal humanoids inherently use less energy than their chimpanzee counterpart.
Evolving to use 2 legs meant that it was easier to multitask, this made gathering food far more efficient.
Bipedal humans were also able to spot predators over tall grass.
Bono
The development of the pelvic bone in the select bonobos allowed for further extension of the hind limb allowing for up to 75% less calories burned and energy used. The reason behind this would to become more developed and develop more effective ways of living (hunting, gathering, learning etc)
Historical skeletons of species show alternat skeletal structures to support different forms of movement. Specific skeletal features of historical skeletons were used to determine and make conclusions towards the mobility forms of species
Summary
the development of our pelvic bone
bipedal movement uses less energy and consumes less calories
evolving with 2 legs made it easier/more efficient to multitask
it makes it easier to spot predators and gather food over tall grass
different bone structures because of the spinal cord positioning in skeletons