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Hormones (Frågor (F: Noradrenalin och adrenalin secreted by?, TSH, Cushing…
Hormones
feedback mechanism & inactivation
Pituitary gland
Link Title
Adenohypophysis (Ant. pit. gland)
Link Title
Pars distalis (Basically hela ant. pit. gland)
Chromophils
Basophils
Corticotrophs
POMC -> ACTH & LPH
MSH
Thyrothrophs
TSH
Gonadoptrophs
LH
FSH
GnRH
Acidophils
Somatotrophs
Growth hormones: Somatotropin
Re: SRM Inh: Somatostatin
Mammotrophs: Prolactin
Chromophobes (Degranulated chromophils)
Folliiculostellate
: Thought to regenerate parenchymal cells of ant. pituitary gland
Hormones secreted
:
Somatotropin, SRM, Prolactin, CRH, PRH, TRH, POMC, ACTH, LPH, MSH
Pars intemedia
Colloid-containing cysts (Rathkes) lined w/ cuboidal cells
Basophils
POMC
Cleavage of
ACTH -> MSH
Pars tuberalis
(Smala och proximala delen av p. distalis. Ibland ses den krama hypoph. stalk)
Cuboidal & low-columnar basophilic cells
Pia arachnoid- like CT separates pars t. & infundibular stalk
Neurohypophysis (post. pit. gland)
Hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract
Extended supraoptic & paraventricular nuclei into post. pit. gland
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Neruosecretaroy cells
unmyelinated axons
entering neurohypophysis to
terminate in
the vicinity of
capillaries
Neurosecretory cells secrete Oxytocin & ADH
Pars nervosa
Pituicytes are glia cells that supports axons of hypothalomohypophyseal tract
Herring bodies
Median eminance
cirucmventricular organs, lack of blood-brain barrier
Infundibulum
Blood supply & secretion
Hypophyseal portal system
: Sends
neurosecretory h
ormones from
1st capillary plexus
of
median eminance
to
2nd capillary plexus of pars distalis
Some parts f. oral ectoderm, some neural ectoderm
which translocate to nucleus
Which bind to cell surface receptors
Thyroid gland
(Post. and pertaining to trachea)
Physiological effects of triodothyronine
Parafollicular cells (Clear cells, C cells)
Cellular organization
Structural u.: Thyroid follicle
Follicle cells
Thyroid colloid contains T4 and T3, bound by thyroglobulin
Release of thyroid hormones
Synthesis of thyroid hormones
Thyroxine T4, Triiodothyronine T3 & calcitonin
Parathyroid glands
(Dots)
Cellular organization
Oxyphil cells
Physiological effects of parathyroid hormone
Chief cells
PTH
Suprarenal glands (Adrenal glands)
Blood supply to suprarenal gland
Suprarenal cortex
Zona fasciculata
Glucocorticoids: Cortisol & corticosterone
Zona glomerulosa
Mineralocorticoids: Aldosterone & deoxycorticosterone
Zona reticularis
Androgens: Dehydroepiandosterone & androstenedione
Histophysiology
Mineralocorticoids
Glucocorticoids
Weak androgens
Suprarenal medulla
Chromaffin cells
Norepinephrine & epinephrine
Histophysiology
Pineal gland
Interstitial cells
Pinealocytes
Corpora Arenacea "Brain sand"
Histophysiology
Frågor
F: Noradrenalin och adrenalin secreted by?
TSH
Cushing disease
Thyroid colloid
How can chief cell regulate whatever theyre regulatin?
Zones of suprarenal cortex
Function of hypophyseal portal system
