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PLASTICS (3)Formation techniques (Vacuum forming (We then use a heater to…
PLASTICS
1)Plastics are materials formed by polymers. The polymers in plastics are made from long chains of carbon atoms.
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Properties of plastics
: Strength, elasticity, rigidity and flexibility. There are other properties that are common to the maionty of plastics:
• mechanical: malleability, ductility, mechanical resistance
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• other properties: low density, impermeability
Ecological properties 
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3)Formation techniques
Lamination
Thermoplastic produced by the extrusion method ls passed through a senes of hot cylinders to produce sheets of varying thtckness With this technique, we can produce different finishes, for example, glossy, matt or textured. This depends on the outer coating applied by the final cylinder.
Vacuum forming
- We then use a heater to heat the mould and soften the plastic.
- We extract the air below the sheet so that the plastic ts pulled against the instde walls of the shaped mould, and the desired form is created
- We put thermoplastic into a mould
- We leave the mould to cool, then remove the object
Extrusion
- We apply pressure by means of a large, rotatang screw, whitch forces the melted matenal out, through a nozzle.
- We cool the shaped material slowly In a refrigerated water bath until lt's solid.
- We put thermoplastic, in granular form, into a previously heated cylinder
- Finally, we collect the pieces of plastic through a feeder system
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6)Textiles and leath
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Synthetic fibres
Synthetic fibres such as nylon, polyester, rayon and Lycra' are plastics. They are long-lasting, resistant and waterproof.
A mixture of natural and synthetic fibres is often used to make textiles
7)Stone and ceramics
. Stone binders
Cement
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Ceramics
Making ceramics
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Glass
Shaping techniques
Float glass making
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