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Responses to the Great Depression (Germany (Adolf Hitler, The Nazi Party,…
Responses to the Great Depression
The Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin
Vladimir Lenin
The New Economic Policy
Bolshevik Revolution
The Great Purge
Communism in Russia
Collectivization in the Soviet Union- In an attempt to try and industrialize Russia, Joseph Stalin forced all land owners to give over their land in an attempt to decrease the number of wealthy landowning peasants. The people were forced to give up their land and work in collective fields and many people resisted doing this by burning their crops and killing their livestock. The government took a lot of the food grown in the collective farms, leading to famine and millions of peasant deaths
Five Year Plans
War Communism- The kind of communism used in the USSR from 1918-1921. This system had to be used because the ongoing war had damaged relationships and economic output. It was ended by the creation of the New Economic Policy and War Communism was created by the Bolsheviks because they wanted to keep the economy stable during the civil war.
Germany
Adolf Hitler
The Nazi Party
The Nuremberg Laws
Kristallnacht
Hitler's Rise to Power- Hitler rose to power by appealing to the discontent of the German people. Germany was in a horrible recession during this time because of the Treaty of Versailles which forced them to repay all of the debts of WW1. Many people began to follow radical paths. Hitler was an early adherent to the Nazi party and wanted to bring glory to Germany. He was a very good public speaker and many people enjoyed listening to his speeches. He was put in prison where he wrote Mein Kampf, which became a very popular novel and Nazi support grew. They were receiving seats and then the Nazi party had the most seats and Hitler was appointed the Chancellor of Germany and then he began to consolidate power and limit opposition.
Nazi Eugenics- This was the use of science by the Nazis to create a perfect Aryan race. They idolized tall and strong people with blonde hair and blue eyes and proclaimed that these people were the superior race. These people enjoyed higher places in society and the Nazis used scientific research to find a way to improve the gene pool of the Germans to make them superior to other people.
National Socialism
The Racial State
Anti Semitism- This was a concept that was widespread in Nazi Germany. Many Jews were not affected as badly by the depression as Germans and many Germans believed that the Jews were to blame for their woes. This led to an increase in animosity towards the group and many laws were passed. The Jews were sent to ghettos, forced to wear a Star of David, or put in concentration camps with their property being taken away.
Type of Government: Single-party dictatorship
Women and Race- Women during the Nazi regime were rewarded for giving birth to lots of children since they could receive the Honor Cross of the German Mother in the gold, silver, or bronze category. Race was also important in Nazi Germany. Your status was defined by your race and many minorities were deemed undesirable parts of the population. For example, the Jews and the Gypsies were considered to be of a worse race than others, and many of them were killed because of this.
Italy
Benito Mussolini
Fascism
The Fascist State
The United States
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Keynesian Economics
The Crash of 1929
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930
Social Conditions for Americans- As a result of the Great Depression, a significant amount of Americans faced the consequences as they were laid off from their jobs and lost their economic securities. While the rich were also negatively affected, they could still afford to live in a comparatively snug way. Another problem of the Great Depression was that students were forced to deal with a lack of jobs in society.
American Economic Contraction- During the Great Depression, the people didn't buy the items that businesses sold as much. This caused businesses to manufacture less commodities and release more workers as a result. In addition, the nation's GDP also fell during the Great Depression. The result of America's issues were that other industrialized nations were also affected since they relied on the spread of American money.
Economic Nationalism- Economic nationalism was practiced by governments after the Great Depression. Its practices were inspired by a desire to become very economically independent. However, since regions relied on each other so much during this time period, this was not very possible. As a result, it ended up decreasing the amount of manufacturing and reducing earnings in the United States.
The New Deal
