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CH28: JFK & LBJ (The Great Society (poverty, urban blight, education,…

- - - - JFK authorized a CIA-trained force of Cuban exiles to invade and depose communist leader Fidel Castro; the coup fails miserably
      - in response to the Bay of Pigs, Castro allied himself with Khrushchev and is given Soviet ICBMs to defend Cuba
    - - White House-Kremlin hotline
        
        Kennedy and Khrushchev agreed to establish a direct line of communication to avoid future military standoffs like Cuba
      - Limited Test Ban Treaty
        
        US/Soviet pact to abstain from atmospheric nuclear tests, thereby de-escalating the arms race and threat of MAD
      - after discovery of Soviet ICMBs in Cuba, the US issued an ultimatum to the USSR: import any more missiles and risk war
      - Khrushchev agreed to dismantle Cuban missile sites in exchange for quid pro quo of US missiles in Turkey (not known in US at the time) and a guarantee from US to respect Cuban independence
- - - - JFK challenges NASA to put a man on the Moon by 1969; results in massive federal spending on space programs
    - - JFK ordered the DOJ to investigate criminal discrimination and unsolved murders of Southern blacks
    - - JFK pushed for across-the-board tax cuts to generate growth and reduce unemployment (included lowering tax rates for the wealthiest)
    - - JFK proposed legislation to provide money to dependents of unemployed workers in poor areas
    - - Kennedy refused to cut spending to offset his tax cuts, believing that the gov't could spur economic growth ("get America moving again"); this practice is known as deficit spending
  - - - economic aid program directed at befriending Latin America and discouraging communism there
    - - JFK created a volunteer agency to foster goodwill towards America in the Third World and discourage communism
    - - defense strategy that focused on addressing communist aggression with conventional, not just nuclear weapons
    - - JFK asked for money to increase the ballistic missile arsenal, add 200,000 more troops, and fly more strategic aircraft in response to communist aggression toward West Berlin