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Neurons: (Membrane Potentials (Outside: More Na- slightly more positive,…
Neurons:
Membrane Potentials
Outside: More Na- slightly more positive
Inside: More K- slightly more negative
Leaky- more permeable to K
Importance: generating an electrical signal / A.P
Action potential creation
Depolarise
M.P becomes less negative as sodium channels have opened
Repolarisation
Polarise
Electrical difference across the membrane
Hyperpolarisation- making the M.P more positive
Action Potential process
Potassium voltage gates open
M.P stabilises
Voltage gated sodium channels open and A.P is proper gated
Depolarisation increases membrane voltage
Structure
Cell body
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Lacks centrioles- has neurofibrils
Axon
Start: Axon hillock
Schwan cells
Nodes of ranvier- gaps
Produce myelin sheath
End: Axon terminal (neurotransmitters)
Classifications
Interneurons
Uni-polar
Bi-polar
Multipolar
Action potential:
A large enough depolarisation will result in an A.P
Synapse
Neurotransmitters are released from an axon terminal and crosses the synaptic cleft
The dendrites of another neuron has receptors that are stimulated by the neurotransmitters
Postsynaptic- after synapse
Presynaptic- before synapse