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Homeric World (Widening Horizons (800-700 BCE) (Phonecians (Inhabitants of…
Homeric World
Widening Horizons (800-700 BCE)
Greek colonization
Iron age leads to greater human mobility
Greek colonies everywhere
Colonies follow trade routes
Separate Settlements
Phonecians
Inhabitants of modern day lebanon
Divided into several city states (Tyrus, Byblos, Sidon, etc.)
Like Greece
That huge great power collapse thing that happened in 1200 BCE helped them out a lot & made them stronger
Rise of Neo-Assyrian empire
Promoted trade & colonization in western Mediterranean
Biggest Ting in Trading Game
Become middleman between Greeks & Middle East
Said in Homer
Alphabet
Started the whole one symbol one sound thing
Taken over by Greeks in 800 BCE
Greeks make vowels
Fast spread of literacy in 8th Century BCE
Beginning of Greek Literature
Used as instrument to explore nature of authority and inequality
Homer
As a Source
Did he exist?
Greeks said fo sho
Today, most likely multiple authors
What time period was he?
Described Bronze Age when in the Iron ages
Illiad
Effects of the Wrath of Achillies
Refuses to fight
King Agamemnon took his damn wife
His gay lover dies
Goes to battle and kills this huge ass guy named Hector
Story ends by finally burying mutilated body of Hector
Food being shared between two opposite peeps
Chryses Complaint
Patriarchal Society
War Prisoners as prostitutes
Iron age more egalitarian
Achillies calls assembly
Collective decision making
Brutal Critism of Agammemnon
Macho Society
Dark Age (1200 - 800 BCE)
Bronze Age Greece: Minos & Mycene (2000-1200 BCE)
Location
South Greece: Mycenian
Crete: Minoan
Economy based on Palaces
Kings run Mycenean states
Interacted with near east
Like Mesopotamia
Complex system of writing & accounting makes palace economy possible
Typical bronze age society
Multiple states
One biggest state
Part of Great Power Club sometimes
Elites have luxury goods
International trade
1200 BCE: Palaces Destroyed
Yeah no one knows
Probably linked to near east collapse
Post Collapse (1200-1100 BCE)
Writing Disappears
Material Culture
Moves towards utilitarian purposes
Mycenean pottery found in new areas
Population pretty stable
New settlements in Aegean & Cyprus
Intensification of migration
End of Palaces does not lead to immediate collapse
Disappearance of elites
Wiping the Slate Clean (1100-1000 BCE)
Drastic decline of sites
Local Communities become isolated
End of international trade
No more Greek artifacts found places
End of Figurative Art
Cremation instead of burial
Equality !
Geometric Period (1000-800 BCE)
Geometric Style of Pottery
Discovered grave goods slightly richer
Iron Weapons
Iron tools begin to be produced
Still trash compared to bronze age
Greece still poor & isolated
Summary
Egalitarian Warrior Society
Greeks divided amongst different political sub-communities
Ruled by basileus
Power of kings fragile, must be reasserted by speech
Violence of iron age leads to reassertion of patriarchy
No state
Power invested in Persons
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