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HSE ([7] falling, impact & acceleration and lifting hazards (fall…

- - - - trip and fall (object)
      - stump and fall (sticky/defect surface)
      - step and fall (hole)
      - slip and fall (center of gravity/slippery)
    - - choose right surface material (highest plausible coefficient of friction)
      - retrofit an existing surface(like carpet)
      - practice good house keeping (warn sign/regular clean dry)
      - non-skid footwear (anti-slippery)
      - inspect surface frequently
    - - foreign object on walking surface (trip on stuff)
      - design flaw on walking surface (uneven/poorly design floor)
      - slippery surface
      - individual's impaired physical condition(lack of awareness)
    - - velocity of impact
      - magnitude of deceleration upon impact
      - orientation of the body upon impact
    - - force prevent sliding on surfece
      - related to coefficient of friction
      - ice[0.1]very slippery and hazardous|0.2|slippery and hazardous|0.3| linoeum[0.33]slippery but not hazardous|0.4|concrete[0.43] good friction
    - - vital for construction industries
      - recommended for 6 feet or higher
      - height limit knows as trigger limit
      - 1.OSHA fall protection: 29 CFR 1910 D Walking/working surface, F Powered platform man lift vehicle-manifold work platform, and R special industry
        
        ANSI Z 359.1 Personal fall protection arrest system
        
        OSHA 29 CFR 1926 M Fall protection standard for construction industry
      - fix
        
        Fall protection devices: e.g. guardrails, safety nets,
        fall restraint system, fall arrest system etc.
        
        These systems may include: body harness/belt, lanyard,
        shock absorber, lifeline, connecting devices, anchorage.
  - - - ladder with to low weight rating
      - ladder too short
      - metal ladder near energized electrical equipment
      - object falling from ladder
      - missing/broken part
    - - all rug /step free (surface safe)
      - all fitting are tight
      - spread/lock device on place
      - non-skid safety feet in place
      - no structural defect
      - even surface
    - - no more than 1 person on ladder
      - tool belt/ hand lines to carry object
      - dont lean out in any direction
      - if fear height, dont climb ladder
      - no people under ladder(when used)
    - - ladder placed on clean slip-free
        level surface.
      - Extend ladder 3-4 feet above top support, if access elevated surface(like roof)
      - Anchor/secure the top of the
        ladder if 3-4 feet extension not possible.
      - ladder base ¼ the height
        of ladder from wall(straight ladder)
- - - - temperature
      - humidity
      - air distributuin
      - personal preffrence
      - acclimatization(adjust in tempreture change)
    - - conduction (heat transfer through touching/ flow in body<solid>)
      - convection(heat transfer through moving medium<gas/liquid>)
      - metabolism heat (heat produce by body)
      - radiant heat (heat transfer through electromagnet/non-ionized energy transmission<no matter movement in space>)
      - environment heat (external source)
    - - heat stress
        
        due to <combination of>
        
        environment factor
        
        clothing requirements
        
        metabolism cost of work
        
        can cause
        
        discomfort that affect performance and safety<not harmful to health>
        
        heat stress <when approach heat tolerance limit> risk of heat related disorders
      - heat strain
        
        result of heat stress
        
        recognize heat strain
        
        immediate observation
        
        core temperature greater than 38.5 'C
        
        recovery rate (one min after peak work) greater than 110 per min
        
        sudden & severe fatigue/nausea/dizziness/light headedness
        
        rapid heart rate(180 beats per min minus age)
        
        overtime observation
        
        continues sweating<a lot> for hours
        
        weight loss(more than 1.5 percent) during work shift
        
        urinary sodium excretion less than 50 moles (24 hour period)