HSE
[7] falling, impact & acceleration and lifting hazards
fall hazard
type of surface fall
prevention strategy
ladder hazard
impact/ acceleration hazard/ prevention
liftiing hazrd/technique
cause
3 major factor
velocity of impact
magnitude of deceleration upon impact
orientation of the body upon impact
foreign object on walking surface (trip on stuff)
design flaw on walking surface (uneven/poorly design floor)
slippery surface
individual's impaired physical condition(lack of awareness)
trip and fall (object)
stump and fall (sticky/defect surface)
step and fall (hole)
slip and fall (center of gravity/slippery)
unstable platform >> [surface with obstruction/lack of traction]
surface traction
force prevent sliding on surfece
related to coefficient of friction
ice[0.1]very slippery and hazardous|0.2|slippery and hazardous|0.3| linoeum[0.33]slippery but not hazardous|0.4|concrete[0.43] good friction
choose right surface material (highest plausible coefficient of friction)
retrofit an existing surface(like carpet)
practice good house keeping (warn sign/regular clean dry)
non-skid footwear (anti-slippery)
inspect surface frequently
fall protection
vital for construction industries
recommended for 6 feet or higher
height limit knows as trigger limit
1.OSHA fall protection: 29 CFR 1910 D Walking/working surface, F Powered platform man lift vehicle-manifold work platform, and R special industry
- ANSI Z 359.1 Personal fall protection arrest system
- OSHA 29 CFR 1926 M Fall protection standard for construction industry
fix
Fall protection devices: e.g. guardrails, safety nets,
fall restraint system, fall arrest system etc.
These systems may include: body harness/belt, lanyard,
shock absorber, lifeline, connecting devices, anchorage.
cause
ladder with to low weight rating
ladder too short
metal ladder near energized electrical equipment
object falling from ladder
missing/broken part
inspection b4 use
all rug /step free (surface safe)
all fitting are tight
spread/lock device on place
non-skid safety feet in place
no structural defect
even surface
ladder safety
no more than 1 person on ladder
tool belt/ hand lines to carry object
dont lean out in any direction
if fear height, dont climb ladder
no people under ladder(when used)
ladder setup
ladder placed on clean slip-free
level surface.
Extend ladder 3-4 feet above top support, if access elevated surface(like roof)
Anchor/secure the top of the
ladder if 3-4 feet extension not possible.
ladder base ¼ the height
of ladder from wall(straight ladder)
increase fall potential
chapter 1
chapter 2
chapter 3
chapter4
chapter 5
chapter 6
chapter 8
chapter 9
chapter 10
chapter 11
chapter 12
chapter 13
chapter 14
heat
tempreture
pressure
thermal comfort
temperature
humidity
air distributuin
personal preffrence
acclimatization(adjust in tempreture change)
thermal energy
conduction (heat transfer through touching/ flow in body<solid>)
convection(heat transfer through moving medium<gas/liquid>)
metabolism heat (heat produce by body)
radiant heat (heat transfer through electromagnet/non-ionized energy transmission<no matter movement in space>)
environment heat (external source)
heat stress & strain
heat stress
due to <combination of>
environment factor
clothing requirements
can cause
discomfort that affect performance and safety<not harmful to health>
heat stress <when approach heat tolerance limit> risk of heat related disorders
metabolism cost of work
heat strain
result of heat stress
recognize heat strain
immediate observation
core temperature greater than 38.5 'C
recovery rate (one min after peak work) greater than 110 per min
sudden & severe fatigue/nausea/dizziness/light headedness
rapid heart rate(180 beats per min minus age)
overtime observation
continues sweating<a lot> for hours
weight loss(more than 1.5 percent) during work shift
urinary sodium excretion less than 50 moles (24 hour period)