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Immune System (challenges (colds (Vitamin C (necessary for making collagen…

- - - - there are over 100 different rhinoviruses
        
        it's possible to catch colds again and again
    - - necessary for making collagen and for many body functions
      - absorption of vitamin C increases during illness
      - won't cure a cold, but may support some aspects of immune response
    - - moderate use of zinc lozenges slightly decrease that duration and severity of colds
      - too much can suppress the immune system and can reach toxic levels
    - - a fat-soluble
        
        can accumulate to toxic levels
      - may be critical for fighting off viruses
      - body makes vitamin D when it is exposed to UV rays from the sun
  - - - the next time, the immune system attacks them
  - - - Human Immunodeficiency Virus
  - - - children born with this have no immune system
- - - - if the helper T-cell recognizes the protein as "not self", it will launch an immune response
- - - - designed to prevent infections by viruses and bacteria
        
        including:
        
        mucus and cilia
        
        mucus contains lysozyme, enzymes that destroy bacterial cell walls
        
        the normal flow of mucus washes bacteria and viruses off of mucus membranes
        
        cilia in the respiratory tract move mucus out of the lungs to keep bacteria and viruses out
        
        phagocytes
        
        are several types of white blood cells that seek and destroy invaders
        
        some also destroy damaged body cells
        
        are attracted by an inflammatory response of damaged cells
        
        inflammation
        
        signaled by mast cells, which release histamine
        
        1 more item...
        
        temperature of tissues may rise, which can kill temperature-sensitive microbes
        
        intact skin
        
        sweat and oils contain anti-microbial chemicals, including some antibiotics
        
        dead skin cells are constantly sloughed off, making it hard for invading bacteria to colonize
        
        Fever
        
        a defense mechanism that can destroy many types of microbes
        
        helps fight viral infections by increasing interferon production
        
        cause by your body's pyrogens signaling the hypothalamus
  - - - if the microbe is encountered again, the body reacts so quickly that few or no symptoms are left
- - - - the proteins are recognized as antigens by our immune systems
        
        causes a mild immune response