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价格调整机制 (跨境并购交易 (盈利支付
Earnout--事后支付 (Elements (衡量指标与计量方式 (财务指标 (E.g.,…
价格调整机制
跨境并购交易
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锁箱计价法
Lock-the-box
买方在交割日按照锁定的价格支付
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注意事项
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双方约定,从lock the box date起,卖方在交割前所有允许的收支,作出no leakage covenants,比如常见的价值减损包括:未经允许的分红、未经允许的资产转让、向董事或关联人士的支付、放弃应收账款等。卖方会要求leakage claim的数量限制与时间限制。一般而言,卖方希望价值减损的索赔保障的时间要短于一般陈述与保证的期间。
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盈利支付
Earnout--事后支付
描述
适用情形
Earnouts are often employed when the buyer(s) and seller(s) disagree about the expected growth and future performance of the targets. and may involve anywhere from ten to fifty percent of the purchase price being deferred over that period. Earnouts are popular among private equity investors, who do not necessarily have the expertise to run a target business after closing, as a way of keeping the previous owners involved following the acquisition.
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Elements
Earnout期间,标的物的运营和控制权
The terms and conditions of an earnout are largely dependent on which party will actually manage the business following the closing. If the buyer will manage the business, the seller may be concerned with mismanagement by the buyer which causes the company to miss targets. On the other hand, if the seller will manage the business, the buyer may be concerned with the seller either minimizing or understating expenses or overstating revenue so as to manipulate the earnout calculation
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衡量指标与计量方式
财务指标
E.g., revenue, net income, EBITDA or EBIT targets. 财务指标一般来说可以用GAAP来计量;如GAAP不一定能满足双方要求的时候,双方须另行对计量方式达成一致
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Earnout支付形式
Can be in the form of cash, stock or bonds or a combination of any of them.以何种形式支付,有很重要的税务结果。
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