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HOT DESERTS (Climate Charecteristics (Soil (Top layer - Thin, humus…

- - - - This means the sun can get straight to the ground and crack/bake it# #
        
        The soil is unable to sustain crops and live stock
- - - - Average temperature is 27.3°C
      - Over 50°C in the summer day, below 4°C in a winter night
      - It is much harder to work in the heat
      - Some animals have to be nocturnal
      - Livestock needs to be kept in shade
    - - Water is deep underground
      - Few rivers and water holes available
      - Have to collect water in clay pots
      - Water is a scarce resource
      - Low annual rates of rainfall, high Temperatures and strong winds all cause high levels of evaporation.
    - - Limited road network
      - Tarmac will melt
      - Strong winds blow sand which buries roads
      - Many places only accessible by camel
      - Public transport only includes heavily overladen buses.
  - - - Wind
        
        There has been a recent focus on wind power in the Thar desert
        
        Wind park constructed in Jaisalmer in 2001
      - Oil
        
        large oil field found in Barmer
      - Coal
        
        There is a thermal energy plant in Giral
        
        Many coal deposits in the Thar desert
      - Solar
        
        Solar power is used at water treatment plant in Bhaleri
    - - Ghandi canal revolutionized farming because farmers had access to water without rain
      - Most inhabitants are involved in substance farming
    - - Desert safaris on camels.
      - Tourism from pakistan
      - Tourism to the area has become popular in recent years
    - - Gypsum for cement
      - Feldspar for ceramics
      - Marble at Jodhpur
      - Kaolin for paper
      - Limestone for steel in Jaislmer
      - phospherite for fertalizer
- - - - Spreadout shallow roots
      - deep underground roots to reach water pockets
      - Found in northern American deserts
      - Stores water for long periods of time
      - Stems and leaves have waxy cuticles which make outer surface water proof
      - Growth can stop during drought to conserve resources
      - Has spikes to prevent animals from getting water from it
  - - - Wide flat feet to not step on new plans/future food
      - Uses shade of trees in midday
      - Can remember water sources locations it has previously visited
    - - Can store fat down tail
    - - found in Aisa, Sudan, Israil and morocco.
      - Eats seeds, insects and plants
      - extracts moisture from food.
      - Digs to find roots to eat
      - Nocturnal
      - Only ventures out of caves on cooler nights
      - Hops like a kangeroo so it has less contact with hot sand
      - Large ears to prevent heat loss and hearing predetors in desert night
      - Hairs on feet so it does not sink into sand
    - - Can close nostrils
      - Long eyelashes to keep out sand
      - Found in North African in the sahara
      - Can go a week or more without water
      - Can drink 32 gallons of water in one go
      - Stores fat in humps not water
      - Feet are wide so they don't sink in the sand
      - sandy color for camoflauge
      - Ears have hair to keep out sand
- - - - Reduces wood need by 2/3
    - - Can collect and store water
      - Saves women and children walking for 8 hours
      - Ran and owned by community
      - Clean water heavily reduces child deaths due to diohreea