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City Models (Griffin-Ford Model (Based on 1980s South America, CBD divided…
City Models
Griffin-Ford Model
Based on 1980s South America
CBD divided into traditional market sectors and high-rise sectors
Commercial "spine" emanating out from core along "prestigious axis"
Remaining zones are for less well-off citizens
Sector Model (Hoyt)
Based on 1930s Chicago
City looks something like a pie chart with CBD still at center
High-Rent Housing
Mid-Rent Housing
Low-Rent Housing
Education
Recreation
Transport
Industrial Center(s)
City grows outward from center (so an area could extend from center until the edge)
Concentric Zone Model (Burgess)
Based on 1920s Chicago
Divides city into 5 concentric zones (from center out)
CBD at center
Transition
Blue-Collar Homes
Middle-Class Residence
Suburban
Multiple Nuclei Model (Harris and Ullman)
Based on 1940s Chicago
CBD no longer "nucleus" of city; urban regions have their own nuclei
CBD
Wholesale/Light Manufacturing
Low-Class Residency
Middle-Class Residency
Upper-Class Residency
Heavy Manufacturing
Outlying Business District
Residential Suburb
Industrial Suburb
McGee Model
Based on 1967 Southeast Asia
No formal CBD; elements of CBD are scattered
old colonial port zone
government zone
Western commercial zone (practically a separate CBD)
alien commercial zone (dominated by Chinese merchants whose residences are attached to their business places)
mixed-use land zone (containing miscellaneous economic activity)
African
Tends to be 3 CBDs
Colonial remnant
Informal/Periodic
Traditional business center