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Tourism (Tourism In An LEDCs (Case Study (conservation and management in…

- - - - Tourism brings income to Kenya and gives tourists a greater understanding of the area's animals and plants. The Serengeti is especially popular for safari holidays, which give tourists a chance to observe the annual migration of the wildebeest and zebra.
        Tourism can also have negative impacts on the area. These need to be managed carefully to ensure that the natural environment isn't damaged for future generations.
        
        Positive impacts of tourism
        Conservation - tourism has supplied the economic incentive to set up national parks and conservation areas which protect wildlife.
        Employment - tourism has generated jobs, improving the living standards for local communities.
        Infrastructure - roads, airports and other facilities have been built.
        Investment profits from tourism have been invested in education and other programmes for local communities.
        
        Negative impacts of tourism
        Environmental damage - roads and tracks for safari jeeps can erode grass cover, damaging plants and animals and disturbing local habitats. The removal of trees and other vegetation for the construction of roads can lead to soil erosion.
        Inequality - often the profits of tourism are reaped by wealthy landowners or the hotel and travel companies in MEDCs.
        Loss of traditional cultures - the Masai's way of life and traditional farming methods have been disrupted by the setting up of the Serengeti National Park.
        Water cycle damage - diverting water for tourists can exploit local water reserves, leaving local people, plants and animals short of water. Tourist hotels sometimes dump waste into rivers.
        <
- - - - % change
        Europe 3.3%
        Asia and the pacific 12.7%
        Americas 6.4%
        Africa 7.3%
        Middle east 14.1%
      - 1990 1995 2000 2005 2008 2009 2010
        Europe 261.5 304.1 385.6 439.4 485.2 461.5 476.6
        Asia and the pacific 55.8 82.0 110.1 153.6 184.1 180.9 203.8
        Americas 92.8 109.0 128.2 133.3 147.8 140.6 149.8
        Africa 14.8 18.9 26.5 35.4 44.4 46.0 49.5
        Middle east 9.6 13.7 24.1 36.3 55.2 52.9 60.3
      - The tourism industry therefore is very important to economic growth as well as the environment.
        Tourism can help a country's economy and infrastructure. For example it provides jobs. Some countries such as the Caribbean have tourism as their main source of income.
- - - - According to a recent survey of British people travelling within the UK, the activity that people like to do the most while on holiday is walking. Walking allows people to enjoy the physical resources of the countryside such as hills, rivers and lakes.
        The second most popular activity was visiting heritage sites. This includes historical buildings and sites of historic significance. These are human resources.
        The third most popular activity was swimming. People like to swim at the beach or in lakes (physical resources) or swimming pools (human resources).
        Other popular activities were visiting art exhibitions, watching performing arts and visiting theme parks (all human resources).
      - man made common attractions
        
        art
        architecture
        cultural monuments
        museums
        local traditions
        food and drink
        music and drama
        important historical or political sites
    - - Physical resources are the natural features of an area which might attract tourists, such as:
        the physical landscape - such as beaches, mountains, rivers, lakes and glaciers
        ecosystems - such as rainforest or tropical grasslands
        weather and climate - most tourists seem to like it warm and dry