Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
CHAPTER4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life (Carbon (Can bond…
CHAPTER4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
Living organisms consist mostly of carbon based componds
eg. Proteins, DNA, carbohydrates
Organic chemistry
Study of organic compounds that contain carbon and cotnain most hydrogen atoms in addition
Vitalism
The idea that organic chemistry arise only in organisms
Disprved when chemists synthesised these compounds
Mechanism
View that all natural phenomena are governed by physical and chemical lawes
Stanley Miller
Disproved that you can have abiotic formations of organic compounds
Demonstrated that abiotic synthesis of organic compounds
Experiment supported that abiotic synthesis could have been a stage in the origin of life
Carbon
Can form a variety of molecules due to its ability to bond with other atoms
Universal building block
Can bond with four other atoms covalently
four valence electrons = four covalent bonds
four bonds = tetrahedral with equal distance between electrons
Forms chains of carbon molecules to form skeletons of most organic molecules
Chains vary in length and shape
Hydrocarbons
Organic molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen
Fats have hydrocarbon components
Energy rich molecules eg. Why we use as fuel
Isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures or properties
Structural isomer
different covalent arrangement of atoms
Cis-trans isomer
Sam covalent bond but different spatial arrangement
Enantiomers
Mirror images of atom
Only one is biologically active
Functional groups
Components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
one phosphate molecule
Primary energy transferring molecule in cells
Consists of organic molecules (adenosine) attached to a string of 3 phosphate groups