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Canada (How a bill becomes law
The legislative process (Third Reading -
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Canada
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Parliament
Location
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The Centre Block is the main building of the Canadian parliamentary complex on Parliament Hill, containing the House of Commons and Senate chambers.
The Library of Parliament is the main information repository and research resource for the Parliament of Canada.
The East Block is one of the three buildings on Canada's Parliament Hill, in Ottawa, Ontario, containing offices for parliamentarians.
The West Block is one of the three buildings on Parliament Hill, containing offices for parliamentarians.
House of Commons
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1) national elections must be held at least once every four years.
2) Canada is divided into areas called ridings (also called constituencies or electoral districts). Canadian citizens vote for the candidate in their riding who they think will best represent them.
3) On Election Day, the candidate who gets the most votes becomes a Member of Parliament (MP) and represents his or her riding in the House of Commons in Ottawa.
Senate
1) The 105 members are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of
the Prime Minister.
2) Seats are assigned on a regional basis: four regions—defined as Ontario,
Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and the Western provinces—each receive 24
seats, with the remaining portions of the country—Newfoundland and Labrador
and the three northern territories—assigned the remaining 9 seats apart from these
regional divisions.
3) Senators may serve until they reach the age of 75.
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To vote in a Canadian federal election you must be:
1) A Canadian citizen (Temporary and permanent residents cannot vote);
2) 18 years old or older on election day;
3) Residents in the electoral district;
4) Registered on the Voters List (also called the list of electors).
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The basic requirements for becoming a candidate are the following:
1) You must be a Canadian citizen.
2) You must be at least 18 years old on election day.
3) You must file a Nomination Paper (EC 20010) with the returning officer for the electoral district (riding) where you intend to run, along with all other documents required by the nomination process.
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Interesting facts
Capital -Ottawa; 934,243
City with the biggest population-Toronto; 2,731,571
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Head of State
Elizabeth II 
Governor General
Julie Payette
1) federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch
2) carries out most of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties
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Separation of powers
1) Legislative - the Senate + the House of Commons.
2) Executive - the Monarch (represented by the Governor General) + the Prime Minister + the Cabinet
3) Judiciary - a series of independent courts that interpret the laws passed by the other two branches
Forming a Government
When the election is over, all winning candidates become Members of Parliament. The MPs whose party does not form the Government are called opposition MPs. The Official Opposition is usually the party with the second-highest number of elected members after the winning party. The leader of this party is called the Leader of the Official Opposition.
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