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HENERY MORTON STANLEY (EARLY YEARS (before work) (Birth name was John…
HENERY MORTON STANLEY
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FIRST 'SOLO' TRIP
Aim: Cart the great lakes, determine whether Lake Victoria was the source of the Nile and map the Congo River
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A year after Livingstone's death, The Herald and The Daily Telegraph financed another African expedition
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Traveling down the Congo River was the most dangerous part (7x cataracts, had to pull boats overland)
Encountered many hostile African tribes along the Congo, who often attacked without warning
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More than half his porters, and all Europeans, died along the way (either battle or disease)
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"The dark continent" Stanley was the first to use this term as the jungle shrubbery was so thick you couldn't see through it
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OTHER EXPEDITIONS
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Made various other discoveries (forests, mountains, lakes and rivers)
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Wanted the Congo for natural resources like ivory, rubber and copper
WORK (journalism)
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Decided to pursue a serious career in journalism; given an assignment to cover the British invasion of Abyssinia (Ethiopia)
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Owner met Stanley in Paris in 1869 gave him the assignment to find Livingstone in Africa, who hadn't been heard from in 3 years #
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FINDING LIVINGSTONE
He had difficulty assembling goods, medicine, equipment and porters
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Had 192 porters (more likely 111, many died or deserted) and travelled for over 1000km through tsetse-fly infested jungle
He eventually found Livingstone in Ujiji in October 1871.
Together they explored Lake Tanganyika, disproving that is was the source of the Nile
"Doctor Livingstone, I presume?" (famous phrase) Did not appear in either men's diaries (meeting pages of Stanley's diary were torn out)
Stanley went back to England (without Livingstone; carried on searching) and was hailed a hero. His book "I Found Livingstone" became a best-seller
He also adopted a former slave boy, Kalulu
LEGACY
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Some wanted him buried next to Livingstone but questions about his use of force meant this never happened
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