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Germany (Willkommen zu Deutsch. (((Medieval meets Moderninity- Prepare…

- - - - Medieval meets Moderninity- Prepare roller coaster feasts, treats, temps -take in G's soul-stirring scenery, spirit-lifting cult, big-city beauties, rom pals- half-timbered towns.
      - Scenery- bewitching: Moody Forests, rom river valleys, vast vineyards, Splendour Alps this gr8 count 1 of Lrgt EU. 360km2 - 1/2 NSW. Bord 9- Den, Pol, Czech, Aus, Swit, Fr, Lux, Bel, Neth.
      - Berlin Cap- biggest City. Hamburg, Munich, Cologne. 13 diverse regs, dif trads, dialects, customs. Big rivers dissect Count, Rhine, Danube(Big) Elbe bringing hist trade, inspiration, beauty Cs. Rhine Valley- UNESCO 2002, 65km/40Mil meanders Dramatic Landscape- FT villages, Med Casts, Forest Hillsides, Terraced Vineyards.Cast- Robber Barons. Toll- ships, block passage. Loreley- 433ft/132M cliff St Goar. Deep/Narrow, Myth: Loreley Temptress- life convent- captors Cliff, comb hair, sailors death. Valley- 80-90% wine exp. Go sth-wst Black Forest- Trad Germ, Cuckoo clocks-18th, half-timber farmhouses, dark evergreen Forest. Source of Danube here.
      - Most Fam Reg - Typ Germ Baveria. Sth- Med FairyT Castles, nat scen -Home Alps, Lakes, Lederhosen, Dirndl, Oompah bands- Beer! Oktoberfest. Bavs - loud, brash, humorous, warm, fun loving. Defies the stereotype - No sense Humour. Stems- G cult, more direct than Eng, no small talk- get to point. Eng Jokes dnt trans, get to Lang later.How many Gs- lightbulb? Other stereo - Love rules/order, throwback Prussia- known well ordered, efficient army. Rules: Jaywalking no no, incred recycle. 4 bins. Always punctual- virtue, sign respect. Pub T down to minute.
    - - People make Germ great, Diversity, trendy, hipster Berlin, conserv trad Munich. Home to 80Mil, most pop EU. 3rd hgst Internat Mig, Turk, Pol, Ital - enrich culture. But boy do Germ love-must be all the discipline. FB. 26K clubs, 178K teams. Bundesliga(PremL) 1 of best, Top EU Champs. Bayern Munich most Fam. Nat team 4 x world cups, host 1974, 2006- Zinedine Zidane Headbutt Ital. Not only hosted FB, Olympics x 2. 1936- Nazi Olymp. Selected Host b4 Nazis. Hitler tried ban Jews/blacks compete, backed down . Party removed all Jew Forbidden signs for Games. Boycotts unsucces- only Spain/USSR boycot. 1972- Munich, overshadow, Palestinian Terr- Olym Vill, took Israeli team hostage. Siege 18hrs, 11 Isr killed, botched rescue att. Despite horror, memorial ceremony "Games must go on"
      - On a brighter note, not just kicking goals in FB, very succ Motorsport- F1 Mercedes. Hosted GP years- Nico Rosberg, Seb Vettel - Record-breaker Mich Schumacher. Cant wrap tongue around names, try the language.
      - Known language Dichter und Denker- Philosp/Auths. Closet relative Dutch/Eng. Dates 6thAD- Old Saxon, Dialects changed over Cs, off lang 7 Cs, Aust Belg. Jokes - Harsh, gutteral. Butterfly Papillion, Mariposa, SCHMETTERLING, Long Literal words: Nacktscnecke- slug naked snail, Schildkrote- tortoise, shield told, Flugzueg-aeroplane: Flything, Bustenhalter- bra, busts holder. Don't worry - Eng Sec, tourists, be friendly. Ent-Sprechen Sie Engllisch?
    - - Some words you should know! Pretzel, Bratwurst, Schnitzel, Sauerkraut, Apfel Strudel, Bier! Food! Now not gonna make any jokes about german sausages, they're just the wurst! Cuisine seen stodgy/fatty- I say rich, heavy Delish!. Being bordered many countries, influen dif trad foods, dif regs. Most Fam bread/sausages. Must try: Pork Knuckle: Ham Hock- mar/roast crisp skin. Most pop Bav- served with Kartofel Salat/ Sauerkraut: pickled cabbage. Every fam - secret recipe. Don't eat b4 date- gassy. I know I'm wurst! speaking of- 1500 types! Every dish - too much sausage to handle! Need Bread/Pretzel - invented by mistake. Bakery- sweet, salt instead. Bread staple- 87kgs PA. Wash down Bier- 1200 brewers, German Beer Purity Law- 1516. lager=Barley Malt, Hops, Yeast, Water. Munich Fam Oktob- Dortmund 4mil barrels PA.
      - Okt: beer fest, celeb drinking/culture. End Sept- started Royal Wed Celeb 1810. So much fun, annual. became fair - beer comps- beer Halls. Lrgst fest in world, 6 mil, 7mil L ev year. Munich brew- Augustine, Lowenbrau, Hoffbrauhaus. Beer Hall Munich- Oldest 1589 royal Duke Bavaria, 1300 capac. Served Steins- pewter, stone, glass, Lids=plague flies. Often see trad dress Leiderhosen/Dirdl-18th at Okt. short deer leather breeches, manual work, can't wash! Bad Luck. Don't disrespect- Paris Hilton 06. Cult traditions: not all drinking/eating.
      - Music Imp- Intent hits 99 Balls, Mambo #5. to electro mus Berlin nightlife, huge heavy metal artists- Rammstein. Hist Music: develop Class mus- Berl, Dresden orchestral centres. Bach, Handel, Haydn, Beet, Mozart, Wagner, Schubert. Excelled Music- literature: Luthers Doctrine, Bro Grimm fairytales, Karl Marx - The Communist Manifesto. FTs 18-18th Germ folk tales- Cind, Hans/Gret, Rapun, Sleep Beaut, Snow Whit, Rumpel. Controv- meant for kids, dark themes- eaten/poison. no censor-warning. Disn- snowwhite- lungs, liver. Cind- feet, pigeons. Marx- philosopher, socialist-formed basis Marxism. =Common ownership, absence social class, money. Theory good, practise Gov gets all power.
- - - - Other famous ppl: Physicist/ScientistAlbert Einstein, Tennis -Boris Becker, Actor Bruce Willis, Christoph Waltz, personal fav Michael Fassbender. Ofc. Anne Frank.
      - Famous Indust: Eng world class.1 of Worlds lrgst Econ, 1/3 of which Machinery/Cars. Pharmec, Med equip also high contrib.. Germ Cars- not budget friendly, =high quality. Audi, BMW, Merc, Porsche, WV, Opal. VW- 1930s "peoples Automobile" Beetle- Hitler- US. Still leaders in Auto Indust. Cars- AutoBahn. Federal controlled Highway- no speed limit for some tech. Limits in urbanised, accident prone, road work areas. TopGear. Ave 142km/88mil.
      - Think Germ- Cars yes! Fashion maybe not: Karl Lagerfeld, Levi Strauss, Hugo Boss- SS uniform. Birkenstock- 1774. Few countries have had as much impact on world as Germ, lets go back to beginning.
- - - - Long hist: rarely united as now. Not even Roms Occ whole - St/Wst. Name - Germania- Gauls. Celts 1st, followed by Germanic Tribes, inv rom-east Rhine, fall. Tutenberg 9AD Halt. Germ Goth Odac 476.. All little kings. One guy came close - Charlie-German, rem France, big guy? Loved roast meat! Lived longer than the doctors. 768-814 reunited EU, Bel, Fra, Lux, Neth, West Germ. East-sax. 800 crowned HRE- untie all germanic tribes under Christendom. Ensured spread Christ-by force -killed Bat Verdin 4.5K saxons, Fath of EU.
      - Redvided aft D. Civil wars, ruled by foreign kings, until elected Conrad I, 1st Germ King. Henry Fowler- united kingdoms. Then came Otto the Great, exp, gained control Mid Kingdom, Crowned HRE 962. Prot Pap. Linked Germ-Rome 8Cs Pulled king to Ita, neglect Germ, delayed unification- cont feudal syst, German Princes became more imp/rich than emp. Nobles got greedy, fought, stripped pow monarchy, nev est sov state. Rudolf Habsburg - 1273 King, Habs dominated rule HRM. 1356- golden Bull- HRM Elect princes. Despite lack central auth, prosper 14-15th, Trade, rivers, Manufact. Doz towns Nth Germ, - Hanseatic League- trad fed, ship/trade baltic, - Bohemia/Hung. Also intellect growth- Unis fnded
      - Leads us Prot Ref. 16th relig upheaval Cath EU. Martin Luth-Law- Light-Monk- Rome Prof. Theology, fed up indulg, corrupt church, Indulg= sell afterlife. nailed '95' Theses to ch door 1517. Excom - diet worms. Wartburg 1521- translated bible- Germ(birth nat-lang). Print Press- Teach spread, peasants revolt 1524.(Lrgst uprise Germ Hist) Not wanting bloodshed- Luth sided with Germ Princes. Prince see Polit benefit- break away Cath Church.By Luth death, 1555 Prot state relig- prince=nat relig. Prince Cologne convert Prot- refuse to resign. Sparked 30 yrs war 1618-48. Devasted- 25-40% Pop D. Habs+allies fought Prot Princes Germ- Swed, Den, Swit, Fra. Ended - RomCath Fr allied w Germ.
    - - Peace Westphalia-1648 end Relig war. First time Polit/Nation convictions outweigh relig. Recog Swit/Neth Sover states. Marks decline HRE. Left Germ more divided. Econ suffered, trade moved Atlant. Kingdom Prussia, Brandenburg- Nth Germ, grew - indep state 1701. During Nap wars- dissolve HRE1806, Pruss emerged strngst Germ State. Nap conq all Germ except Prus/Bohemia(east)1813 fought Nap(Germ Camp), vict!. Send Nap exile, got West Germ territ back. Congress Vien 1814- Germ Confed- 40 sts. Emp Aust elect Pres, Pruss not happy. Nations- Germ, Fre Rev inspo, Ital unificat
      - Sick of Squabbles, disunity 1862- Otto von Bismark- New PM. Big Nationalist, wanted unify Germ under Pruss rule. Best way unite? Give common cause- war. Denmark war - then 1866 provoke Aust dec war. Surp- Prus won Seven Weeks War(AustroPruss)- peace/allies. 1870- war against Fra. F nerv next Prot count, off Spain Throne to Prince Pruss 1869. Bismarck doct rejected-NapIII, catalyst war. Nationalism spread, sth Germ joined, Patriotic frenzy- won many bats agst Fr- fell 1870. Germ unified 1871,Alsace-Lorraine. King Wilhelm I Prussia crown. Bismarck didn't just war, est 1st mod welfare state- national care, accid insur, old age pens.
      - Gs grow power- tension Fr, Eng, Rus, vs Ital, Aust, Ger climax WWI. Start Serb vc Aust Hung. Gavvrilo Princip Jun 28 1914- Ferd. Unc Franz Joseph. Ultimate- Unreal. Days- Aust>Serb, Rus>Aust (Mob Army), Ger>Rush, Fra>Ger, Ger>Fra. Schlief. Inv Belg, GB>Ger. Aug 4! Nationism/War =good. War deadly- new tech, outdate tactics. Tanks, Planes, Gas, US Machine Guns, Barb Wire. West Front, Prog East, Rus Revs 17'-Lenin, but Allies too strong, G collapsed- blamed back politics(treat w Rus-Occu Ukr)/ than Milit might. Wilhelm Adbict - Treat Vers- 1919- gave up cols, reduce army, full respons, huge debts- damage. Econ ruin, borrow money US, Wall St 1929- GDep- call loans, cut exp, wage, unemp pay-22%.
- - - - Anger, bitter, wanted to blame. Nazi gained sup, workers turn Com, wealthy finance Hitler. Hit - reject Art school Vien 1906, hobo, master race threaten Jew conspiracy=worlds problems. Serv WWI-join Nazi party- 1921-leader. 28- Naz 12 seats- 4 yrs 32- lrgst party 230. Gov fail, Hit make Ger gr8 again. Gov=Nov Crims, stab in back. Vice Chance/Chance/Absolt Ruler. Prom -rearm Ger, take back est land, germanize terri. 1939- Pol, help USSR- Non agres. 2 days Fr/UK dec. Beat France, Occ, march Champs. UK- blitz- 9 mnhts. Allied Ital- fail- step in Gre/Yugo, camps/cleansing. Russ- start strong-failed- winter. Rus- burn cities/supplies, Jap Bomb- Sleep Giant. Stalingrad 42'/3, Obsess/proud. Army Dep/demoral, Italy lost-Uk, DDay, reclaim Fr, Rus lib east. 45 sov's lib Ausch- world realised horror. Allied west/Sov East- race to Berlin. Sobs won, Hit suic. May 7th 45- VE. Interest look reasons- food, lebensraum.
        
        Ger surrend uncond. Conf Yalta & Potzdamn- Split 4 states Brit, Fr, Rus, US. Berlin x 4. May 49- West formed. Init East- sov rule, GDR-Com while west flour capitalism, rich nation, east not- level strong social/collect mentality- obey auth. Desertion- 61 Wall. "keep west fascists out". Diffuse tensions at first. Soviet east vs Allied West- Cold war. Nev dec war, proxy wars, arms/space race.
        
        89' tensions cold war died down, peace protests East Ger, GDRs 1st elect, negot East/West-unif. Nov 9 89, East Berl Comm party - change, free to cross. East/West Berliners - wall beer, champ, Chant "Open the Gate". 2 mil greatest street party, chipped away at wall, cranes/bulldozers. Reunif Oct 3 1990. Prot from Israel, Fran, Brit. West absorbed east. Unfort- Racism always pres. Post National social - immigrant prob, echoes rumbling across EU. Neo-Nazis- some towns, prop reminis Nazi times. Trump. But although minority is growing, Ger most diverse count, flourish, Leader of Eurozone. They are prim neg with Gre, debts- scarily sim sit post WW2, Lrgst contrib EU Budget 20%, 1/3 largest aid donor, aft US/Fr. Ang Merk- east get, 2005 elect, 3 4yr term. Credited safely guiding Ger thro EU Crisis. Mod G trying to shake ghosts of past and let their loving culture, beautiful country shine.