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Man & Machine: Creativity (Theories (Cognitive theory of creative…
Man & Machine: Creativity
Definition
Ideas
Adaptive novelty
Insight
Selective encoding
Selective combination
Selective comparison
Search space
Incubation time
New combinations of old ideas
Useful
Types
P-creativity/psychological novelty
H-creativity/historical novelty
Combinatioral creativity
Transformational creativity
Exploratory creativity
4 stadiamodel (Wallas)
Preparation
Incubation
Illumination
Verification
Theories
Hopfield network
Simulated annealing
Creative: low baseline arousal level - high temperature - relatively flat sigmoid function (less predictable relation between input and activity) - primary process cognition <=> less creative: high baseline arousal level - low temperature - steep sigmoind function (input above threshold = activity 1, otherwise 0) - secondary process cognition
Blind variation and selective retention (Campbell)
Defocused attention (Mendelsohn)
Associative hierarchies (Hull)
Creative: less focused attention => more active nodes => flat associative hierachy <=> less creative: more focused attention => less active nodes => steep associative hierarchy
Primary process thinking (Kris)
Creative: better shift from primary (weakly activated nodes) to secondary (focused attention, few nodes strongly activated) process cognition
Cognitive theory of creative support (Davis)
Embodied creativity: methods to make novice ideas more concrete and interactive
Situated creativity: continuum of competency to describe how tools can become an extension of the body and allow individuals to focus on creative expression
Distributed creativity: how automating technical skills to varying degrees can increase creative engagement, motivation, and reduce the barrier of entry for novices
Explicit-Implicit Interaction Theory (Helie)
Theory of multiple intelligences (Gardner)
Sternberg-Lubart model
Propulsion theory (Sternberg)
Creative machines?
Limited due to:
Accumulation of knowledge
Reflection
Transfer
Programs
AARON
Chef Watson
Humor
Incidence
Advertisements
Originality
Appropriateness
Evolution
Klondike space: 4 solutions
Oasis problem
Plateau problem
Rarity problem
Isolation problem
Creative systems
Evolutionary systems model
Meme creative system
Inventor creative system
Development
Problem space
Search methods
Hierarchical abstraction
Hill climbing
Means ends analysis
Heuristic search
Layered search