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Venice ((((Floating City- 118 isles- connect canals/bridges. Builds-…

- - - - Floating City- 118 isles- connect canals/bridges. Builds- wooden platforms-stakes. Wood-less durable? Decay-Bacteria, lack Oxy. Salt-petrify=stone. Floods- Aqua Alta- high tides, winds, storms. Clim Change- frequent. V sink- 1-2mm a year- Sol= 79 mobile floodgates sep Lagoon/Adriatic. Ven=Atlantis.
      - Florentine=thinkers, Venetians= Doers. Turned malaria ridden Lag, swamps into most Pow cities Hist. Not my 1st choice build city- why?
      - 400AD Celt - Veneti, coast Nth Ital. Fall- Barbs, Flee- Solace Swamps. 453 Attila- Aquileia flee. Used wooden stakes/Plats- build city. Santa Marie Church-1,106,657 stakes-4m L, 2 yrs comp.
      - 1st ruled- Byzant, 726 gained some Indep- elect Orso Ipato as Doge(duke) 810 Franks tried/fail. St Mark Patron St Aquileia. 828 2 merch stole body, shrine Alexandria, smuggled barrel pork. Arrival= celeb, build St Marks Bas, now centrepiece, rebuilt, alt, exp over Cs.
    - - V - bet east/west, Med/Alps. build fortune/trade. 11th Byzant- exclusive trade with East- helped vs Normans 1082. Open trade, trav, pilgrimage- grew wealth/pow. Gen/Pisa rivals- banded agst V- 5 wars. Byzant- V too big Britches- allian- Gen/Pis. 1171 confisc V goods in Emp. 1182- Ppl Constan, frustrated V monop, massacre Latins(Rom Caths)
      - V allied Fr Crusaders, capt Constant 1204. Sack city=looting. Vens saved treasures- Byz style th.o city= Ital Mosaics- Holy Places=1st frescos. Altarpieces- Bas' - Pala d'Oro- spec surv altarP of Byza- St Marks.
      - Late 13th, most prosp city EU. Peak pow/wealth 36K sailors, 3K ships- dom Med trade. 1348 Plague devastat pop. 1403 created meth Quadrant. Ships- Lazaretto 40days.
      - 1400 yrs, V shallow wat sep from Mainland- protect invad, also Relig, imperialist warfare, feudalism, territ squabs. V=mst Liberal/free state EU-Mid Ages- class syst equal. 15th last gr. flowering Gothic arch, Doge's Pal, Ca'd'Oro, also lead Print skills.
  - - - 17th lost pow/inf - trade open other Cs- seas. Still artistic hub, rise Opera, by 18th polit unimp- Nap conq, dissolved Repub 1797. Fall 1815- V-Aust. 1866 Aust def Pruss, V joined Ital. 19th reviv- Port/Manu dur Indust Rev. 1933- Muss built rd mainland. Exp trade!. WWII V undamaged- Jew deport.
      - All hist, Rein Imp. Dur begin, V control land Ita- sea coast- Adri, many Isl. Most Imp - had econ to sup art/tists, cradled birth Rein. spread Enlight EU. Major trade-found markets 4 Vs craftmens produce. City filled- ceramists, Glassworks, woodworks, lace, paints, sculpts. State/Relig coms funded build/decor/public statury. Consid mst Beau city on Earth- Palaces- 2 fans, land/sea.
      - Art guilds=quality, well paid, fnd Art schools, guarded market, no art outside schools. 400 yrs b4 Impress, Vs painters - light/colour. Distinct brushwork, smooth velvet text. Rein Art=relig, wealth Vens obses Venus- Naked ladies. V=innovate Oil Paint, damp city, need dur/wat resist. Boticelli's Birth of Venus.
      - 15th Bellini & Vivarini- Fam, pioneers Ven Sch Art. descend Murano glass, credit bring Rein style to Ven Paint.
    - - Archit =unique other EU, even Ital. Venetian Gothic - 14th, comb Christ Goth, Byz/Otto Influ. St Marks, mod aft Ch Holy Apos in Constan. (B 6th, Dest 1453-Turks) Ven copy=real thing. Cent Dome, Point arch, det gold mosaics. Reflects Byz. Car'D'Oro- 1428- Secular Goth, inflect arch, islamic feel- decorative.not struct. Santa Maria- Relig Goth 1433, west goth, point arch, min decor.
      - Rein - Ven Arch. Arch wind, classic geom/columns. Palazzo Grimani. Colour- rich, dark reds, yells, blues. Plaster mix marble dust, applied thin lays. Known city bridges, 400. Grand canal widest- 4 bridges - Fam Rialto Bridge. No steps- 16th Horses.
      - Trade- Mst Imp= wealth City. Sack Constant 1204- trade treaty Mongol Emp 1221- Dom worlds econ, ext to cent Asia. Lux goods/Necess exch in marks. Salt, grain, porcel, pearl- trad gems, mineral dyes, peacock feath, spices, silks, cott- Egy, Asia, far East. Marco Polo - east 1271, ret 95 stories Est Cult, Ppl, Trads. Advent=fascinat East, put Cen Asia, India, China on West Medi Map. Encour trade/communic.
      - Murano- Mid East- connect V, develp profit indust. Orig Rom times, told glass bathhouses. Blend Rom exp with Byz skills- emerg prom glass centre 8th. 1200s refined, hand blown. Rules/Law safeguard secrets. 1291-move Murano- name- fire. Held Monop Cs. Still sold, pop tourists.
- - - - Speak Rom: Casanova. 1725. Clever- Uni 12yr. Vices =Fam. Gamb/Women. Wom V loved him, wit, charm, style? Worlds most Fam Lover, womaniser. Leg: affair 16yr, 14yr sist- same time. Toes crawl? later bed 1 sist, and own Daught. Worlds Orig F.Boy. Scam art, alchemist, spy. Wrote satires, fought duels, escaped Pris more than once. Bridge Sighs - Doge Pal/Prigioni Pris. dug wood planks- climb roof into attic. cross whole Pal, reach Gold stairs - seen guard, politician, let out. Stopped for Coff San Marco fleeing Gond.
      - Film depict, not only one. Movies used Ven - atmos backg - James Bond, Ind Jones, Doct Who, Nikita, Laura Croft. Most scenes stock footage, set design elsewhere.
      - Bridge Sighs: rom? offered Pris last view city before exec. Canal pop kiss. When you get tired of all kissing, try local specialities to regain stamina.
      - Like reg Ital- V trad food. Local sea- seafood, season olive, vinegar, garlic, pars, herbs. Local fav, Polenta, staple Nt Ital- orig food of poor, now upscale. Nth Ital act eat more Pol/Risotto/Gnocchi than Pasta. Ris also poor food, prepare uniq Ven, seafood- black squid ink. Gnoc- dates 16th Carnival!. Meat lovers- Carpaccio- Fam Harry's Bar. Raw beef, wafer thin, pepper, parm, radicchio- Mayo, must cream sauce. Bellini invent Harrys Bar- Pros- light spark wine mixed peach juice, enjoy Hemingway.
      - While were talking booze, gotta try Vino, best reds like Valpolicella, Bardolino, strong white Soave. Hit hard stuff- Grappa, hair on chest. Desert you say? can't go past Tiramisu, Fritelle all Venezaine- donuts- fillings- Carnival.
    - - Opera: 18th Arist flock, created idea theatre public event. Antionio Vivaldi- mast must Ven, "four seasons" - recog WW. Ppl dress up, even wear masks! Cs old Trad, Carnivale, hide identity/social status. Act freely/mingle. Ornate Design, bright cols, gold, silv. Baroque decor. Com masks, Hap/Sad. Full/half - eyes. Can also be covered Lace-
      - renown Lace, V fash cent Mid Ages. Supplied silks, satin, lux good to EU- had say in how used. Invent needle made lace, pass Know gen-gen. Pop grew- Cath Med- collars Fr. Coronations must have Lace attire. Fam for it.
      - Think of Ven- Gondolas. Best known trans. 350 uniq, handcraft boats left, only 400 Gondolieri. Symb of V, elegant, sleek shape, Romance - Serenade, twilight. Skill- maneuv long boats, sharp bends canals. 2010 1st Female Gond. Trad couples kiss under bridge, stay love 4eva.
  - - - Don't get too drunk, lost, no address, no. per district, not sts. Poor postmen. Easiest- use monuments. or follow tourists. Whopping 18mil PA, 50K a day. Carnival 3mil. Venice UNESCO Site - problem- pop loss, poor social facilities, decay builds, inflat rent- cost renos/tourist indust demands- move mainland mod apart. Threatens turn V open air city museum, preserv archit/art herit, becoming shell lively anc city. Soak up while you can, enjoy wonders of Venice.