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How many consecutive hours should doctors and physicians work in order to…

- - - - According to Matilde Leonardi
        and her team, at the Italian Ministry of Health,results show us that “14.4% of the staff reported high scores in
        emotional exhaustion, 12.6% in depersonalization and 22% in lack of personal
        achievement” (353).
        
        There are many other factors to lead to exhaustion among doctors or
        physicians or even other health professionals. This can affect their social life with family
        and friends.
      - According to Fiona McDonald from Queensland University Of
        Technology, ,“the impact of excessive working hours for
        health professionals includes negative effects on their health and on their relationships
        with others, including family, friends, and colleagues” (110).
        
        The more hours a health
        professional works, they will not have time to interact with their personal life. If a doctor
        or any other health professional could not talk to their friends, family, etc., then this
        means their relationships will worsen.
  - - - According to P.J Baldwin, M. Dodd and R.W Wrate, all who work at Work
        Research Unit in Scotland, the longer hours the doctors worked, “their social dysfunction
        scale” proved that their “inability to make decisions” have increased (37).
        
        As more work
        piles on top of each other, a doctor or any other health professional can feel stressed, thus
        leading to a psychological problem.
      - Throughout this article, Allard Dembe,
        a Professor of Public Health at the Ohio State University, concludes that “working long
        hours and unconventional shifts increases the likelihood for occupational injuries as well
        as worker errors that can jeopardize public safety” (203).
        
        As a matter of fact, there were studies that have “confirmed that long working hours and
        shift work raises the odds for workers to be injured, to be fatigued, stressed, and to suffer
        from medical ailments, such as hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases” (195).
        
        In fact, working for
        a long period of time can affect the employee’s health, thus leading to an increased
        likelihood of mistakes.
      - According to Fiona Flinn and Claire
        Armstrong, both who work at the University of Limerick, “it it estimated that
        44,000-98,000 patients die in US hospitals each year as a result of medical errors” (210).
        
        This means
        there will always be a risk for a patient as well if a doctor or any other health professional
        miss critical information or perform their task incorrectly.