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Revolutionary Changes in the Atlantic World (1750-1850) (The Enlightenment…
Revolutionary Changes in the Atlantic World (1750-1850)
Liberal and nationalists ideals of the Eighteenth Century came to realization in Euro. & Amer. in the Nineteenth Century. The belief of national self determination and universal suffrage and social justice continued into the twentieth century.
Haiti Rebellion/ Revolution
Haitian Revolution
which was a battle against slaves in Haiti, the French & the British. Haiti was able to achieve independence once slavery was abolished & British and French military was defeated.
The events of the revolution spread throughout France which caused a separation of whites known as royalist and the free man population which was now able to get political representation from the French Assembly.
A black freeman named
Francois Dominique
played a huge role in the rebellion against the French Assembly. He was able to organize rebels into a strong military to fight against British & and France. He became a symbol of resistance to oppression. Haitian Rebellion was important.
Industrial Revolution
Economic expansion led to growth and trade which led to $$$. Manufactured productivity led to global independence, new consumerism patterns, and changed social structures.
People began to question monarchy & religion. Merchants, professionals, manufactures began to become more influential politically.
Colonial Crisis
Rivalries b/w Euro. powers & the Dutch sparked as they attacked Spain & Portugal colonies. Dutch attacked Spanish treasures & Portugal's empire in Brazil & Angola. Great Brit. attacked Spain. fleets & seaports in the Amer.
Spanish Succession(1701-1714-cause)
War of the Australian Succession (1740-1748)
,
Sevens Years war (1756-1763
)
Brit. & France began to have political heart ship in west Euro. & trade routes in Amer.
Traditional taxes no longer cover government costs for the debt of the war s. Even thought they were experiencing Industrial Revolution
Intellectual environment was transformed by the Enlightenment needed new revenues.
English Old Order
Politics were based by powerful monarchs & social life which was dominated by religion & economics was dominated by agriculture.
West Order: politics was opened to science and secular views took place of religion. Imperial powers resisted the loss of colonies. The clergy fought against science.
Economics was open to competition.
Monarchs and nobles began to loss the political powers.
The clergy fought against science.
The Enlightenment & the Old Order
-Enlightenment
was a complex & diverse movement of ideas which helped with the development of the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century to humanism.
European ideals began to shape inquires to science and some led to labored to systematize knowledge or organize materials. Ex.the creation of the encyclopedia was made by Enlightenment thinkers like France Denis Diderot.
People began to for new perspectives using scientific ideas that fuel revolutionary movement in the late eighteenth century.
John Locke & Jean-Jarcques Rousseau
Locke supported individual rights were the foundation of rights. Rousseau supported monarchy(government) should work for the people
Political powers took at advantage of the enlightenment as a way to gain wealth and also introduce tax, merit, and other political systems.
Social:
Women were able to influence with new ideas. Middle Class women were able to be educated in England. Women were able to influence during this period. While in Parisian their social standing had more direct involvement.
Benjamin Franklin
was a thinker would was able to symbolize the natural genius and the vast potential of America.Many thinkers in America used the new tech. and new ideas to help w/ politics.
Counter Enlightenment
Because the clergy & the monarchy saw the enlightenment as a threat to their influential power over England they proposed a counter in order to restore power for them and limit the new ideas that were coming in.
Prelude to the Revolution
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Folk Cultures & Popular Protest
: Folk cultures were created by local historical experiences and by mixing with religious practices. They focused on more on the obligations of people .
The European monarchs wanted to increase their power by collecting taxes, judicial practices, and public administration.This led to riots by the people because they believed that the monarchs were violating sacred customs.
The American Revolution
: Many events like the French and Indian War led colonies towards a revolution. One of the military leaders was
George Washington
The Amer.Indians along the Canadian border fought as allies for the British. During this time
Joseph Brant
helped organize a powerful British military.
