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Future of the Countryside (Public goods (Benefits of the countryside (Food…
Future of the Countryside
Public goods
Benefits of the countryside
Mental health
Carbon capture
Biodiversity
Physical health and exercise
Flood/drought protection
Leisure
Food production
High quality food
Food as national security resource
National heritage
Land use
Impact of leaving CAP
Implications for agri schemes
Landscape changes
Reduced farming
Land management
Eco-systems policy?
Valuation of public goods
Farmers as custodians of the countryside
Dual-role farmers
Protecting the countryside and environment
Environmental standards
Climate change
Loss of pillar 2
Risk to uplands and coastal areas
Biodiversity
Need for international co-operation
Natural environment
Regulation
Compliance
Monitoring
Funding
Intermediate management
(e.g. National Trust manages eco-systems funds)
Localisation
Incentives and payment for farmers Post-CAP
Pillar 2 agreed to be good model, as rewards positive environmental behaviour - focused on outcomes
Less sure on current Pillar 1 - subsides for all land owners
Labour and immigration
Labour
Current shortages
Indigenous skills deficit
Seasonal labour shemes
Indigenous labour deficit
Effect on whole supply chain
Reliance on EU labour
Immigration
Alternatives
Mechanisation
Switch from EU to worldwide
Status of full-time residents
Food quality and animal welfare
Animal Welfare
WTO rules
Can't consider processing of product
Negotiation
Does have sanitary and agriculture rules
Standards
Animal health
Tuberculosis
Food quality
Crime
Self-sufficiency
61% self-sufficient
Standards
Premium food pricing
Traceability
"Organic" food
Buying British
Brand
Regulation and trade
Subsidies and investment
Funding post-Brexit
Sector specific
Pillar 1/2 replacements
Must avoid "Big Bang" change
Reduced funding
Drop in UK farms
Productivity
Incentivising modernisation
Profitability
Investment
Infrastructure
Public goods
Post-Brexit regulation
Uncertainty
Guaranteed funding for two years
Transitional agreement
Red tape
Standards enforcement
Already required by supermarkets/ consumers
Calendar farming
Populist agri-product regulation, not science-based
Three crops rule
Strengthen or weaken regulations
Cooperatives?
Trade
CAP
Impact of withdrawal
Improvements
Trade deficit
Marketing
Mimic Irish board for agri marketing
New markets
Highly protected markets
South Korea
Scandanavia
Japan
Markets of cocern
Beef markets
US
Brazil
Tariffs
Inherited from CAP
Subsidy split between EU and UK
Type of Brexit
Hard
Hits tenant farmer
Lower food prices/worldwide trade
Soft
Binding to CAP
Devolved administrations
Scotland
Wales
Northern Ireland
Border and tariffs
UK-wide oversight body?