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LIVING BEINGS (The cell: The cell is the fundamental unit of life of…
LIVING BEINGS
The cell: The cell is the fundamental unit of life of living beings. They can be unicellular or pluricellular. The structure has the following layers and elements:
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PROKARYOTIC CELL: are the most simple and primitive that exist. They differ from the eukaryotic in that they have no nucleus.
EUKARYOTIC CELL: are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. They have a nucleus that contains the information necessary to carry out their vital functions
Animal eukaryotic cells: exclusive organules that distinguish them from plant eukaryotic cells are the centrosome
Plant eukaryotic cells: Unlike animal eukaryotic cells, they have a cell wall and some organules called chloroplasts.
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The composition of living beings: living beings are all organisms that obtain norishment, interact with the environment and reproduce. All matter is made up of ATOMS. Join and make up MOLECULES. Biomolecules make up living beings.The atoms of chemical elements that make up living beings are called bioelements.
Secondary bioelements: magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium and chlorine.
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Primary bioelements: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen
Bioelements form biomolecules, which are molecules that constitute living beings. Biomolecules perform various functions, and they can be organic or inorganic:
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Inorganic biomolecules are those that are found in living beings, although they can also be found elsewhere:
Mineral salts: their mission is to form part of the organism's structure and to regulate some functions.
MINERAL SALTS CONTAIN:
-Iron (for haemoglobin, important in oxygen distribution)
-Phosphorus (bone formation)
-Sodium (essential in nervous coordination)
-Calcium (important in bone and cartilage formation)
-Nitrogen is important in protein synthesis.
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