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Cardiovascular - metabolic syndrome (Neutraceuticals (Fat blockers…
Cardiovascular - metabolic syndrome
Adipose tissue (especially visceral adipose tissue)
actively producing hormonal
tissue
produces a range of
inflammatory and insulin desensitising hormones.
adiposity releases a number of inflammatory cytokines (
IL-
1beta
All have the capability of increasing systemic
sympathetic nerve system activity
leads to the activation of The Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System RAAS and ultimately an increase in blood pressure
increased SNS activity is correlated with insulin resistance
leptin, which is elevated in
obesity, increases sympathetic nerve activation
IL-6,
TNFa
Lean muscle mass
essential in helping to regulate blood glucose
An imbalance between lean muscle mass and adipose tissue impacts blood glucose
regulation, hormone regulation as well as impacting systemic inflammation.
Uric Acid
a purine nucleotide metabolite that is synthesised in the liver from xanthine via xanthine oxidase
Studies have shown that hyperuricemia is involved in several cardiovascular diseases associated
with metabolic syndrome.
prospective studies have reported that an elevated serum
uric acid level predicts the development of hypertension in humans
Uric acid induces endothelial dysfunction by vascular insulin resistance
associated with the impairment of nitric oxide synthesis
Clinical signs
Acanthosis Nigricans
Skin Tags
Neutraceuticals
Fenugreek Seeds - 4-hydroxy-isoleucine - aids insulin secretion
Cinnamon - may improve NAFLD characteristics (at 1500mg per day)
Biotin - reduced insulin secretion with deficiency of biotin
Ginseng - may improve functionality of pancreatic beta cells
Fat blockers
Fenugreek Fibre - fat binder / blood glucose regulation
Green Tea Extract - lipase inhibitor
Grape Seed Extract - lipase inhibitor
Green Coffee Bean Extract - lipase inhibitor
Carbohydrate blockers
Increase soluble fibre (pectins, gums and mucilages) - to slow CHO absorption
L-arabinose - inhibits sucrose absorption
Phaseolus vulgaris - White Bean Extract - amylase inhibitor
Salacia oblonga - alpha glucosidase inhibitor
Low GI Diet
Larger glycemic excursions are linked to greater oxidative stress and low GI diets have been shown to improve glycemic
control
Conclusion: Low GI carbohydrates are associated with reduction in oxidised LDL
Mediterranean Diet
Maximise your intake of vegetables, peas and beans (legumes), fruits and wholegrain cereals.
Limit your red meat intake - fish and poultry are healthy substitutes.
Drink (red) wine during meals, but no more than three small glasses per day if you are a man and no more
than two small glasses per day if you are a woman
Glycation of LDL
occurs chiefly because of the non enzymatic reaction of glucose and its metabolites with the free
amino groups of lysine of which apolipoprotein B is rich
Higher concentrations of glycated LDL are present in diabetes
than in non diabetic individuals and metabolic syndrome
Inhibition of Glycated LDL
L-Carnosine
Histidine
Quercetin
Myricetin
Kaempferol
Rutin
Morin
Organosulphur compounds
Statins / Nutraceuticals