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Benzodiazepines (actions (Sedative and hypnotic actions: at high doses,…
Benzodiazepines
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Therapeutic Uses
- Amnesia: Midazolam used for the induction of anesthesia.
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Chlordiazepoxide,clorazepate,diazepam,andoxazepam-useful in acute
alcohol withdrawal to reduce the risk of withdrawal-related seizures!
- Muscular disorders: Diazepam is useful--- Baclofen , Tizanidine are good alternatives.
Rebound insomnia is a major problem upon discontinuation- espcially with short acting compounds like triazolam.
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- Anxiety disorders : Clonazepam, lorazepam and diazepam are preferred for anxiety that may require treatment for prolonged periods of time
Long-acting compounds:
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Diazepam, clorazepate, chlordiazepoxide , and flurazepam.
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Short-acting compounds:
Brotizolam, midazolam, and triazolam.
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they enhance GABA’s effects allosterically and without directly activating GABA A receptors or opening the associated chloride channels.
NOT have antipsychotic or analgesic effects, and they do not affect the autonomic nervous system.
anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and sedative properties.
Adverse Effects: Drowsiness and confusion-, Ataxia , Cognitive impairment ,
Benzodiazepines are categorized as Schedule IV
• Psychological and physical dependence can develop if high doses are given over a prolonged period. - Pregnancy- Benzodiazepines are pregnancy category D or X