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PL3234 Tutorial 3 Cognitive Development & Education (LEV VYGOTSKY…
PL3234 Tutorial 3 Cognitive Development
& Education
LEV VYGOTSKY
Sociocultural theory
sociocultural
processes are important
Focus on influences on cognitive development
social
emphasis on social interactions
cultural
mediators
Language
Cognitive Tools
Symbol systems
Cognitive development is largely the result of
children's
interaction
with more experienced or
expert
members of their culture
parents
teachers
older children
Zone of Proximal Development
Definition
Region of sensitivity for learning
Characterised by difference between
developmental level of which a child is capable when working alone
Level which he/she is capable of reaching with the aid of a more skilled partner
Scaffolding
form of
instruction
Definition
Process by which teacher
adjusts
the amount and type of support he offers to
fit with
the child's learning needs over the course of an interaction
Teacher gradually reduces the amount of support he/she provides as the child becomes more skilled
Application
to the classroom
Reciprocal instruction
tutoring approach
based on ideas
zone of proximal development
scaffolding
Community of Learners
approach to classroom learning
(Brown, 1994)
teacher serves as guide
peers learn from one another
adults and children work together in shared activities
Participation
Guided Participation
(Rogoff, 1990)
Intent Community Participation
Children participate in authentic activities of community with purpose of learning about activity
Children are guided by actions of more experienced partners in the setting
Mental Functions
Elementary
basic attention
perception
involuntary memory
Higher
Voluntary attention
Intentional remembering
Problem solving
JEAN PIAGET
Cognitive Developmental Theory
Constructing knowledge through interactions with the world