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The Bottom up approach. (key assumptions of the approach. (interpersonal…
The Bottom up approach.
Background information.
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Canters Geographical profiling saw the crime scene as a source of information. The behaviour of the offender at the crime scene would reveal information about their everyday life and characteristics.
Although Canter also analysed behaviour of convicted offenders, this is a much more bottom up approach as the focus is on the unique circumstances of an individual offender
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Geographical profiling.
Canter and youngs identified that there are a number of telling clues regarding the place crimes are committed in relation to the offender.
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Geographical profiling is a form of bottom-up profiling and takes particular note of the principle of time and place as mentioned above.
The Circle theory
The circle theory proposes two models of offender behaviour. People operate within a limited spatial mind-set that creates imagined boundaries in which crimes are likely to be committed.
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Evaluation.
This approach enables police forces to identify if a person is committing more than one criminal offence and identifies patterns in criminal behaviout.
This approach considers more objective from the top down approach as it focuses on and is based on data analysis and a theoretical basis of human behaviour.
This approach is seen to be holistic as it focuses on cognitive-social approach to psychology, a criminals interaction with others are see key to their behaviour.
one limitation is that the data is purely corrlational, meaning two varibles fllow the same pattern and theefore cant determine cause and effect and determine the cause of the offenders behaviour.
It is questionable to whether it is applicable to all types of crime as it relies on patterns of behaviour across perpetrators.