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Enzymes (General Characteristics (Unchanged after the reaction, Catalyses…
Enzymes
General Characteristics
Unchanged after the reaction
Catalyses reversible reactions
Speeds up biochemical reaction
Some require cofactors
Needed in small amounts
Activities affected by inhibitors
Highly specific
Affected by
pH
Optimum: 6-8
Temperature
Optimum:37°C
Substrate concentration
Enzyme concentration
Action Mechanism
"Lock and Key" Hypothesis
Specifically shaped
Complemented by certain substrates
Bind to active site
Enzyme+Substrate = Enzyme-substrate Complex = Enzyme+ Products
Uses
Textile and Leather Products
Amylase
Removes starch in fabrics
Trypsin
Removes hair from animal hides (skins)
Detergents
Protease and Amylase
Dissolves protein and starch stains in clothes
Food Industry
Protease
Tenderises meat
Removes skin of fish
Rennin
Solidifies milk proteins
Lipase
Ripening of cheese
Types
Intracellular
Extracellular
