Chapter 2 : E-Business Technology Basics
Packet-Switched Network
Local area network (LAN)
-Network of computers located close together
Wide area networks (WANs)
-Networks of computers connected over greater distances
Circuit
-Combination of telephone lines and closed switches connecting them to each other
Circuit switching
-Centrally controlled, single-connection model
-Works well for telephone calls
Public and Private Networks
Public network
-Public availability
Private network
-Private, leased-line connection
-Physically connects intranets to one another
Leased line
-Permanent telephone connection between two points
Routing Packets
Routing algorithms
-Programs on routing computers
Routers connect networks
-Translate packets into standard format
-Internet backbone consists of backbone routers and telecommunication lines
Routing computers
-Decide how best to forward each packet
IP Addressing
Base 2 (binary) number system
Dotted decimal notation
IP address
Byte (8-bit number)/ octet
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)
Subnetting
Private IP addresses
Network Address Translation (NAT) device
Electronic Mail Protocol
E-mail server
E-mail client software
Electronic mail (e-mail)
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)
Interactive Mail Access Protocol (IMAP)
Web Page Request and Delivery Protocols
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
-Internet Web page file delivery rules
Web page request using Web browser
-User types protocol name
-Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
Client/server architecture
-Combination: client computers, server computers
Web client computers
-Web client software (Web browser software)
Markup Languages and the Web
Text Markup Language
HTML
Markup tags (tags)
Extension Markup Language (XML)
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML)
Graphical Interfaces for Hypertext
Graphical user interface (GUI)
Web browser
HTML document
Connectivity Overview
Symmetric connections-Provide same bandwidth in both directions
Asymmetric connections
Net bandwidth -Actual speed information travels
Upstream bandwidth (upload bandwidth)
Downstream bandwidth (download, downlink bandwidth)
Plain old telephone service (POTS) - Uses existing telephone lines, analog modem
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) protocol
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
Wireless Connections
Wireless Ethernet (Wi-Fi)
Mobile telephone networks
Ultra Wideband (UWB)
Bluetooth