Modiano's centripetal model (1999)
What it is?
Created in 1999
Categorises people through accent in English
Centre: Proficent in international English
Speakers function well in cross-cultural communication where English is the lingua franca.
They have not strong regional accent or dialect
2nd band: Those whose English proficiency is 1st or 2nd language rather than as an international language
3rd band: learners of English, low proficiency in English
Consiste of 5 groups
American English
British English
Singlish
Hindish
Foreign varieties
Problems
What is international English?
How do we draw the line between non-strong and strong regional accent ?
Native and non native speakers all categorize as competent English accent?
OVERVIEW
The model breaks with historical and geographical concerns
Proficient speakers use the language well where English is lingua franca
The next circle cover the learners
Outside of the circles = Don't speak English