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Three Chinese Philosophies (Confucianism (What I think and feel about it,…
Three Chinese Philosophies
Background: What was happening in China that inspired these new "schools of thought"
Mandate of Heaven
Choose Rules
Supports good rulers
Divine right to rule China
Heaven was a power that controlled human destiny
The king was the son of heaven
Zhou Dynasty
Wanted to overthrow the Shang
Feudalism
System of relationships
King
Makes the laws
Owns all land
Gives land to royal supporters
Most powerful
Lords
Lords get land from kings
Lords send troops to fight for the king if the king was attacked
Lords own land
Peasants live on land
Lords control Peasants
Lords get crops
Peasants
Raised crops
Protected by lords
Give crops to lords
Warring States Period
Beginning
770-453 BCE
Feudalism becoming ineffective
Chaos
250 years
6-7 states usually fought for power
Result
Scholars thought of how to rule best
100 schools of thought
3 philosophies
Legalism
Confucianism
Daoism
Confucianism
What I think and feel about it
The Good
It is always good to listen to your superiors
The Bad
It is not so good to listen to your superiors if you know what they are telling you to do is wrong
Founder Background
Confucius
He saw when lords fought for power
Respected
Lived from 551 479 BCE
Born in Eastern China
Lu (The town)
Teachings
5 basic relationships
Father to Son
Older Sibling to Younger Sibling
Husband to Wife
Friend to Friend
Ruler to Subject
You must set a great example for those below you
Connections to my life
Parents set a good example to me
They set a good influence to me, not doing anything bad
Influence
Students were attracted by Confucius' teachings
Students wrote down his quotes in the Analect
Confucianism was developed by scholars
Legalism
What I think and feel about it
The Good
The society was organized
The society worked
They were successful
The Bad
I feel the punishments were too strict
Some punishments were death
Teachings
Establish strict laws
Rewards for good behavior
Punishments for bad behavior
People are naturally selfish
Connections to my life
If I do something bad, my parents will punish me, If I do something good, my parents will reward me
Founder Background
Hanfeizi
He lived 280 to 233 BCE
Prince of the royal family of Han
He was alive to see the end of the Warring Period and the Zhou Dynasty
Infuence
Legalism had a large influence on government
Rulers were frequently overthrown
Rulers were then backed up with military power
The Qin Dynasty ruled China after the Warring States period
The Qin rulers admired Hanfeizi's writings
The government wanted to make the most ideal society
Strict Laws
If you are caught disrespecting government, you'll be punished
There was also death for unloyalty
Daoism
What I think and feel about it
The Good
Very Peaceful
No capital punishments
The Bad
No regulations, may hurt society
Criminals will exist
Founder Background
Laozi
He was thought to be a myth
He lived in the late 500s BCE
He wrote the Dao De Jing
5000 characters
The Dao De Jing preached a return to a simple and natural way of living
He left the government at the age of 90
He wanted to leave China
Teachings
Wu Wei
Process of following Daoism
Yin Yang
The Balance of evil and goodness
Light/Yang
Good
Sunlit
Dark/Yin
Bad
Shaded
Impossible to have goodness without opposites
There should be no rules
Always accept what you have
Be like nature
Connections to my life
I felt free while roaming a forest in nature
Influence