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ENERGY AND ITS TRANSFORMATION (Enviromental impact (Solutions (Energy…
ENERGY AND ITS TRANSFORMATION
Enviromental impact
Environmental consequences
Fuel transport
Risk of natural or man-made accidents, risk of oil spills and slicks
Electricity generation
Hidroelectric power plants: change in the natural flooding of rivers, waste of large areas, destruction of ecosystems
Conventional thermal power plants: air pollution, increase in the greenhouse effect, acid rain, change in the cooling water
Nuclear power plants: nuclear waste, risk of nuclear accidentes
Extraction of natural resources
Earth moving, disapperance of forests
Solutions
Energy diversification
Adecuate waste management
Energy savings
Energy efficiency
The environmental impact assessment studies the changes that will occur in the natrural environment as the result of implementing a technological project
ELECTRICITY
Electric power plants
How electric plants works?
Electrical power plants use an external source of energy to produce electricity. To do this, they rely on a turbine-alternator system
are facilities where primary or secondary energy
is transformed into electricity
Clasification
Conventional
Nuclear power plants
Hydroelectric power plants
Gravity-driven
Pump-driven
Fossil fuel thermal power plants
Combined cycle power plant
Non Conventional
Wind farms
Solar power plants
Photo-thermal power plant
photovoltaic power plant
Geothermal power plants
Biomass power plants
Ocean power plants
Is the most widely used form of energy in industrialised societies for two reasons
It can be transported long distance
It can be easily transformed
Transport and distribution of electrical energy
ENERGY SOURCES
We can classify energy sources in several ways
By use in each country
Conventional
Example: energy that comes from fossil fuel
Most commonly used in industrialised countries
Non-conventional
Alternative energy sources
Examples solar and wind power
In early stages fo their technological development
By avialability in nature and capacity for regeneration
Non-renewable
Cannot be renewed in a short period of time
Depleted when we use them up
May or may not be abundant
Renewable
Abundant and inexhaustible
By enviromental impact
Pollutants
Sources that have negative effects on the enviroment, for example, they might generate by productsthat severely pollute the enviroment
Clean or non-polluting
Low enviromental impact
Don´t generate by products that pollute the enviroment
By origin
Secondary
Examples: electricity, some petroleum derivates
Resulting from transformation of primary sources
Primary
Examples: crude oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear energy and renewable energies
Obtainly directly from the nature
ENERGY HAS MANY DIFERENT USES
Industrial use
Household uses
DEFINITION
Are natural resources from which we obtain different forms
of energy that can be transformed for a specific use
