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Haitian Revolution (Haiti (Maroons (Toussaint L'Ouverture (Took Haiti…
Haitian Revolution
Haiti
western end of the island St. Domingue
Rich French sugar and coffee colony
Maroons
Escaped slaves revolted against their white masters
by killing and burning their houses
Toussaint L'Ouverture
Joined revolts in 1791 and led general rebellion against slavery
army of enslaved Africans and Maroons
established an independent government
Took Haiti over in 1801
Constitution were equality and citizenship was given to all residents
Declared himself himself governor for life
Declared complete independence of Haiti from France
France promised to grant Haiti independent if L'Ouverture would abdicate
Napoleon captured and arrested L'Ouverture
L'Ouverture executed in France in 1803
In 1804, L'Ouverture's successor, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, took advantage of a distracted Napoleon and of an outbreak of yellow fever to declare Haitian independence permanently.
Plantations and land was distributed among former slaves and free blacks
