Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Anthropology Therories (Researchers (Malinowski 1884 - 1942 (Malinowski…
Anthropology Therories
Definition
Anthropology is a social science the deals with physical and cultural development and social customs and beliefs of mankind
Culture
Culture Shock - feeling of disorientation when you go or move to a place with a different culture or social enviornment
Culture is the knowledge and characteristic of a certain group. A culture is defined by language, beliefs, food, music, social habits etc.
Researchers
Malinowski 1884 - 1942
Malinowski is considered to be the founder of social anthropology a branch of anthropology that deals with human society, their culture and development . While living in the Trobriand Islands he presented a view of social institutions that clearly distinguished ideal norms from actual behavior. He also wrote and published the book, The Scientific Theory Of Culture,
Mead 1901 - 1978
Mead's work was based in Cultural Anthropology. She studied the pacific islands, specifically Samoa where she studied adolescent girls. Her work in Samoa was published as a book called Coming of age in Samoa.It presented the idea that the individual experience of development could be shaped by cultural demands and expectations. Mead was also the first anthropologist to look at human development in a cross cultural perspective
Freeman 1912 - 2001
Freeman is best known for provoking a feud between him and Margaret Mead. He challenged the ideas she expressed in her book Coming of Age in Samoa.
Benedict 1887 - 1948
Ruth Benedict was an anthropologist whose theories had a significant influence on cultural anthropology. She thought that culture was totally constructed of intellectual, religious and aesthic elements. Through her studies in mythology and religion she influenced the definition and shape of the concept of culture. Benedict is best know for her works dealing with the national character of various culture groups, most famously the Japanese circa World War 2.
Boas 1858 - 1942
Franz Boas was the most important figure in 20th century anthropology in North America. He created the four field structure of cultural, physical, linguistic and archaeology. He also trained many professional anthropologist, for example Ruth Benedict.
His theoretical contributions dealt with the critiques of evolution. Boas incorporated the scientific method into anthropology, allowing others to use scientific legitimacy in future theories and research. He also destroyed the rationalist theories of human nature.
Harris 1927 - 2001
Marvin Harris worked in the field of cultural. He was a key influence in the development of cultural materialism.
Tylor 1832 - 1917
Edward Burnett Tylor is regarded as the founder of cultural anthropology. His book Researches into the Early History of Mankind and the Development of Civilization elaborated the thesis that cultures past and present must be studied as part of a single history of human thought. Although Tylor is most famous for Primitive Culture, in which he describes progressive development from a savage to a civilized state and uses his knowledge to explain events in the human and natural world that were beyond his control.
Radcliffe 1881 - 1955
A.R Radcliffe-Brown was a social anthropologist. He helped develop the Theory of Structural Functionalism, a outline for creating theory that sees society as a complex system.
Levi-Strauss 1908 - 2009
Levi-Strauss is largely responsible for the development of social anthropology in France. He is best known for his theory of culture and mind. He showed that culture is a system with underlying structures that are common in all societies regardless of their differences.
Leacock 1922 - 1987
Eleanor Leacock was a cultural anthropologist. She is recognized for her ethnohistorical studies of the social and gender relations of thr subarctic Innu. As well as her contributions to feminist anthropology and her examinations of racism in the US school system.
Dart 1893 - 1988
Raymond Dart was a Australian anatomist. He is best known for the discovery of a Australopithecus fossil in Taung, South Africa. The fossil is now recognized as the first fossil found of a human ancestral dating from more than two million years. This discovery contributed to the understanding of human evolution.
Leakey Family
Louis Leakey and his family helped to create the Out of Africa theory of evolution. With the help of His wife he established an excavation site to search for fossils at Olduvai Gorge. He mainly studied biological anthropology.
Goodall 1934
Jane Goodall worked in the biologist field. Goodall is the world leading scientist on chimpanzees. She is most famous for her work with the chimpanzees of Gombe. As well as her efforts to raise awareness about the dangerous situation of wild and captive chimpanzees. She learned that Chimpanzees utilize tools just like humans.This is one of her most famous discoveries. Her work has revolutionized primatology.
Dian Fossey 1932 - 1985
Fossey studied ethology, the science of animal behavior. She researched endangered gorillas in the Rwandan mountain forest. She explained her draw to gorillas in her autobiographical work "Gorillas in the Mist
4 main perspectives
-
Cultural
Cultural Anthropology deals with the origins, history and modern human culture.
-
-
-