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1st October 1949: The Communists State is established (Intentions of the…
1st October 1949: The Communists State is established
Intentions of the communists
29 Sept 1949
Independence, democracy, peace, unity, prosperity
Land ownership turns into a system of peasant land ownership
Steadily transform the country from an agricultural into an industrial
People shall have freedom of thought, speech, publication, assembly, religious belief and the freedom of holding precessions and demonstrations
Women to have equal rights with men
The Common Programme
Underlined the CCP's aims and intentions for the future
NOT allowed to oppose the Government
The Government in China
First action was to reorganise the government of China
Began grouping the country's eighteen provinces into six regions
From the provinces down to counties, cities, districts and towns
At each of these levels there was also a CCP committee which made sure that the councils put Communist policies into effect
In each region they set up a series of councils to run each subdivision of the region
The party itself was run on the principle of Democratic Centralism
Meant that the Party members had to obey strict discipline and give total obedience to the Party leaders
The Party leaders themselves took over all the most important positions in the govnment
Chairman Mao Zedong became Head of State
Zhou Enlai became Prime Minister and Foreign Minister
Problems facing the Communists
Agricultural output dropped drastically
Three years of civil war had taken millions of peasants away from their fields and had destroyed dams, irrigation systems, cannals and roads.
This reduced the agricultural output for growth/yield and market
Population increasing by approx. 15 million a year, so more people > food/agricultural output
Transport problems
The civil war resulted in the chaos in transport, telecommunications and energy systems
Railway inflation = currency now worthless
High level of unemployment
Corruption - public officials had grown used to corruption under CKS' rule
Local government was often slow and inefficient