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POSTIVISTS AND INTERPRETIVISTS (INTERPRETIVISTS (MEANING BEHIND THE ACT =…
POSTIVISTS AND INTERPRETIVISTS
INTERPRETIVISTS
VERSTECHEN
SOCIOLOGISTS ADOPT THIS APPROACH AS IT ENABLES THEM TO DEVELOP CLOSENESS AND EMPATHY WITH PEOPLE TO UNDERSTAND THE WORLD THROUGH THEIR EYES
THEY SEE A NEED TO GET PERSONALLY INVOLVED THROUGH DEPP CONVERSATIONS IN UNSTRUCTURED INTERVIEWS / BY CLOSE OBSERVATIONS AND PARTICIPATION IN THEIR ACTIVITIES
ALSO SHOW THE MOTIVES AND MEANINGS BEHIND THE ACT
C = POSITIVISTS CRITICSE THE METHODS INTERPRETIVISTS FAVOUR FOR THE LACK OF RELIABILITY AND SUBJECTIVE NATURE OF THEIR FINDINGS - ARGUE THE FINDINGS DEPEND ON THE RESEARCHERS OWN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE MEANINGS
VALIDITY
DOUGLAS ARGUES THAT TO UNDERSTAND SUICIDE WE MUST UNCOVER THE MEANINGS FOR THOSE INVOLVED
HE PROPOSES WE USE QUALITATIVE DATA FROM SUCIDE CASE STUDIES TO REVEAL THE ACTOR'S MEANINGS AND GIVE US A BETTER IDEA OF THE REAL RATE
ATKINSON ARGUES THE ONLY THING WE CAN STUDY ABOUT SUCIDE IS THE WAY THE LIVING MAKES SENSE OF THE DEATHS AND THEREFORE THE SOCIOLOGISTS ROLE IS TO UNCOVER THIS AND HOW CONERS USE IT TO ARRIVE AT A VERDICT
C = DURKHEIM ARUGES THAT FROM USING QUANTITATIVE DATA FROM OFFICIAL STATISTICS, WE CAN OBSERVE THE PATTENRS IN THE SUCIDE RATES WHICH THEREFORE SHOWS THE REAL RATE OF SUCIDE
MEANING BEHIND THE ACT = SECONDARY DATA
WHEN STUDYING SUCIDE, THE TYPE OF SECONDARY DATA AN INTERPRETVIST WOULD USE WOULD BE PERSONAL DOCUMENTS AS THIS WOULD OFFER INSIGHT INTO THE THOUGHTS / FEELINGS OF THE DECEASED
THEREFORE HE BELIVES THE ONLY THING WE CAN STUDY ABOUT SUCIDE IS THE WAY THE LIVING MAKES SENSE OF DEATHS , MEANING THAT THE SOCIOLOGIST ROLE IS TO UNCOVER WHAT THIS KNOWLEDGE IS AND HOW CORNERS USE IT TO ARRIVE AT A VERDICT
ATKINSON ARGUES THAT WE CAN NEVER KNOW THE REAL RATE OF SUCIDE EVEN USING QUALITATIVE METHODS SINCE WE CAN NEVER KNOW FOR SURE WHAT MEANINGS THE DECEASED HELD
C = POSTIVISTS ARGUE THAT ITS POSSIBLE TO KNWO THE REAL RATE OF SUCIDE FROM USING QUANTITATIVE DATA OBTAINED FROM OFFICIAL STATISTICS AS IT SHOWS THE PATTERNS IN SUCIDE
POSTIVISTS
CAUSE AND EFFECT
SEE QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS AS PRODUCING DATA THAT ENABLES THE CREATION OF CAUSE-AND-EFFECT EXPLANATIONS OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR AND PREDICTIONS OF WHAT MIGHT HAPPEN IN SIMILAR CIRCUMSTANCES
DURKHEIM AND SUICIDE
FOUND THE CAUSES WERE FROM LEVELS OF INTEGRATION AND REGULATION
DURKHEIM USED DATA FROM OFFICIAL STATISTICS TO OBSERVE THE PATTERNS FOUND IN THE SUCIDE RATE
THEREFORE, IT COULD BE STUDIED SCIENTIFICALLY AS IT WAS NO LONGER A PERSONAL OR INDIVIDUAL ACT AND INSTEAD IT DEMONSTRATED THAT IT HAD ITS OWN UNIQUE SUBJECT MATTER
C = DOUGLAS PROPOSED WE USED QUALITATIVE DATA (SUCIDE CASE STUDIES) TO REVEAL THE ACTOS' MEANINGS AND TO GIVE US A BETTER IDEA OF THE REAL RATE OF SUCIDE THAN OFFICIAL STATISTICS
RELIABLE AND OBJECTIVE
PREFER FOLLOWING METHODS: OFFICIAL STATISTICS / EXPERIMENTS / COMPARATIVE METHODS / SOCIAL SURVEYS / QUESTIONNAIRES / STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS / NON PARTICIPANT OBSERVATIONS
PROVIDE QUANTITATIVE EMPIRICAL DATA, WHICH BY USING REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLES AND SURVEY TECHNIQUES CAN BE GENERALISED TO THE WHOLE SOCIETY
REGARD SUCH DATA AS RELIABLE AS THE FINDINGS CAN BE CHECKED AND REPLICATES BY OTHER RESEARCHERS
SUCH METHODS ALSO INVOLVE OBJECTIVITY AND THE PERSONAL DETACHMENT OF THE RESEARCHER FROM THOSE THE STUDY - AVOIDS THE RISK OF PERSONA VALUES AND PREJUDICES INFLUENCING
C = INTERPRETIVISTS SUGGEST THE METHODS POSITIVISTS USE ARE NOT A VALID / TRUE ACCOUNT OF SOCIETY AS THEY SIMPLY IMPOSE THE RESEARCHER'S OWN FRAMEWORK AND ASSUMPTIONS ON THOSE BEING STUDIED