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developmental psychology 3 (researches issues (Variety of day care:…
developmental psychology 3
affect of day care on social development
Bowlby (1953) raised concerns about the negative effects of day care
Attachment theory predicts that children who have secure attachments are better at forming positive relationships as adults
However, early socializing improves self-confidence and negotiation skills
research issues
Ethical considerations: children cannot be randomly assigned to remain with their mothers or day care
Instead, these choices are made by mothers who might share certain psychological characteristics
results= ambivalent
Clarke-Stewart et al. (1994): no evidence for differences in attachment
Egeland & Hiester : negative effect for secure children, positive effect for insecure children
affect of daycare on aggresivity
There is a slight increase in aggressive behaviour when children spend more than 20 hours in day care
After day care was introduced in Quebec, agression among 2-5 year old Quebecois rose by 24% in comparison with the rest of Canada (Baker et al. 2005)
affect of daycare on peer relation
Children in group day care are more sociable, independent and co-operative
The more time is spent in day care, the more friends one has and the more engages in extracurricular activities
It also depends on the age: social competence with peers stabilizes at the age of 3.5 years
researches issues
Variety of day care: nurseries, au-pair, out-of-school, etc.
Quality of day care
Staff turnover, staff training, staff dedication, type of children recruited, staff: children ratio, etc.
It is difficult to achieve true random sample
Socio-economical aspects
Choice of day care often depends on income
Income is often correlated with education
research on privation
Studies on reactive attachment disorder
Reactive Attachment Disorder – lack of ability to give or receive affection, cruelty, abnormalities in eye contact and speech patterns, lying, stealing, lack of friends (Parker and Forrest 1993)
Maternal rejection can be selective
However, the cause of relationship breakdown might as well be child’s temperament
feral children
These cases demonstrate that some children can recuperate after privation, while others cannot
oxana malaya+ genie