Sheikh Omar, exiled in Yemen...
oldest known relative: Asterid (45M years)
granted sainthood for the "magic elixir"
designated "a Christian beverage" by Pope Clement VIII ✅
kosher for Passover✅
Used in Sufi rituals ✅
Prohibited by Mormons ❌
Global economy
effects on the body
Alternative to tea
sunflowers
potatoes
mint
deadly poisons
peppers
effects on cognition
disease prevention
physical problems
Top producers
the process (from plant to cup
Top consumers
effects of climate change
the Fair Trade movement
manual harvesting
American Revolution
War of 1812
"cup of Joe"
Coffee in society
the "penny university"
Starbucks (1971)
Dancing goats? Probably not.
coffee plant
Arabica
Robusta
Innovations
Roasting -
first step in making coffee like we know it today.
Jabez Burns - devised roasting machine during industrial revolution.
Instant coffee -WWII
1966 Alfred Peet -
started roasting company-
3 Starbucks founders learned from him.
US second largest import, after oil
Starbucks (1971)
burnt toast in water
Slavery- like most difficult manual labor coffee was harvested by slaves in those countries with that institution, much like sugar
Had a "sobering" effect on the western world, literally.
Not originally a drink.
Powerbar - beans were first mixed in with animal fat.