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Selection (Artificial selection (outbreeding (Advantages (progeny have…

- - - - progeny have better adaptations to environmental changes
      - increase resistant to diseases
      - shows more variation
      - increase number of heterozygous individuals
      - progeny have new superior phenotypes
- - - - natural selections that favours one extreme phenotype by acting against the relatively rare individuals at one end of a phenotypic range
      - occurs when members of a population inhabit area with extreme condition/ when migrate to new habitat with different environmental conditions
      - reduce genetic variability
        
        polar bear with thickest fur can survive
        
        black peppered moth able to camouflage them in industrial area
    - - natural selection that favours two extreme of phenotypes in a population by acting against intermediate phenotype
      - promotes genetic variability
      - two subpopulations will be formed
        
        Galapagos island consist of hard,thick and soft ,small seeds, bird with medium size of beak difficult to have foods
      - both extreme phenotypes have greater survival and reproduce successfully while the intermediate phenotypes become decrease and extinct
    - - natural selections that favour intermediate phenotypic groups by acting against extreme phenotypes
      - intermediate phenotype have higher survival chance and reproduce successfully while extreme phenotype have lower chances to survive
      - reduces genetic variability
        
        normal size lizards
        
        intermediate birth weight