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PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES FUNCTIONAL GROUPS (Aldehyde: (Physical,…
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Aldehyde:
Physical
Polar molecules, as molar mass increases, solubility in water decreases, pleasing taste and smell , as molar mass increases, the odor becomes more fragrant
Chemical:
Easily oxidized.
Ester
Physical
Boiling point 77 C , found in nature esters are flavors and fragrances.
Chemical
Derived by carboxylic acids, in the ester the hydrogen is replaced by a hydrogen group. Ester are common organic compounds such as fat and oil.
Acylhalide
Physical
Acylhalides are colourless, fuming liquid.
Chemical
Extremely reactive , in each reaction a halogen is replaced by another functional group.
Ether
Chemical
Very unreactive, they need specific conditions to create a chemical change.
Physical
Colorless, are ordinary gases in room temperature, less dense, soluble in water. Low er boiling point.
Carboxylic acid
Physical
Non-Polar Molecules. colorless liquids with disagreeable doors. High boiling point.
Chemical
Mainly made by carbons, strong boding with hydrogen molecules.
Keytone
Physical
Boling point generally increases with the molecular weight. Are soluble, but they decrease with a longer chain.
Chemical
They have a carbonyl group,
Nitrite
Physical
Colorless solution, solid, molecular weight: 46.005 g/mol, boiling point: 271 °C(lit.), boiling point 230 °C, has form f powder
Chemical
Weak acid, oxidation state: +3
Alcohol
Physical
Soluble in water, the larger the amount of alcohol, the higher the boiling point. Its flammability decreases when the mass of the molecules increases.
Chemical
They burn cleanly, doesn't produce soot. Esterification: they can be reacted with carboxylic acid to form esters.
Amine
Physical
Smell similar to ammonia, small quantities of amine are very soluble.
Chemical
Derivates form ammonium, contain a basic nitrogen atom.
Halogens
Physical
Halogens are diatomic, halogens have different colors . Liquid and gaseous form, Low melting points and boiling points
Chemical
Halogens become less reactive as you go down off the Periodic Table. Generally exhibit -1 of oxidation.