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ih revision (unit one part two air pollution (How does air pollution…

- - - - 1.Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
      - Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
      - 3.Ozone (O3)
      - Particulates matter (PM2.5/ PM10)
  - - - Volcanic Eruption
      - Wildfire
    - - power plane and factory
      - Traffic jam
- - - - infectious disease are diseases that can be transmitted from on e person to another
      - infectious diseases are caused by micro organisms(Viruses, bacteria, fungi)
    - - these are diseases that cannot be transmitted form on person to another. These are diseases caused by organisms
      - mode of transmission
        
        person to person by droplets from coughing and sneezing
  - - - 1a) disease surveillance
        
        there are three inspection stations in hong kong to inspect the health condition of imported poultry(such as chickens and pigeons) and livestock (pigs, cattle and goats) to ensure that they are safe for human consumption
      - 2a)vaccination programme
        
        the government operated free of subsidised influenza vaccination programmes for high risk group including children, elderly, health care workers, poultry workers and pig farmers
      - 3a) education
        
        the government enhances citizens' understanding of the causes, impacts and prevention of the diseases through different media,(such as TV, radio, internet, pamphlets, posters and seminars,) A collection of guidelines is also prepared for different sectors in the community to take appropriate actions during flu seasons.
      - 4a) regional cooperation
        
        hong kong cooperates with Guandong and Macau to exchange information on infectious diseases regularly and to notify each other of any disease out break.It also works closely with the ministry of health of the Chinese government on public health issues in order to protect the region from potential pandemics
      - 1b) emergency measures
        
        the government will activate emergency responses of an influenza pandemic occurs:
        
        the mass media is important in alerting citizens about the outbreak of disease
        
        checking body temperatures of arriving travellers and completing a health declaration form will help to prevent the spread of a flu virus of hong kong
        
        some clinics are designated for diversion of patient with influenza like illness
        confirmed cases will be isolated and treated in specific hospitals to limit the chance of further spreading
        
        case tracking to identify the source of the outbreak
        
        Distribute stocks of drugs and protective equipment for medical staff
        
        provide updated information to the public and promote disease fighting measures throughout the society.
        
        closure of schools and cancellation of public gatherings
    - - advises state and local levels of influenza pandemic plan
      - promotes vaccination programme
      - monitors number of flu cases
      - updates pandemic information for citizens
  - - - A person that is infected with the disease
    - - micro-organisms such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi that cause unfavourable impacts on their hosts
    - - conditions that favour the breeding and spreading of the pathogen
- - - - fossil fuels are formed form the remain of living organism, including coal, oil and natural gas. They take millions of year to form and just minutes to burn away
      - major types of non-renewable energy include:
        
        coal
        
        petroleum(crude oil)
        
        natural gas
        
        uranium
    - - Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock composed mostly of carbon and hydrocarbons
      - It is the most abundant fossil fuel produced in the United States.
      - Coal is a nonrenewable energy source because it takes millions of years to create.
    - - crude oil is usually found in underground
      - it is liquid in nature and yellowish black in color
      - they are composed mainly of hydrocarbons and organic compounds
      - they are usually discovered by oil prospecting scientists
      - sometime, petroleum and crude oil are used to mean the same thing but petroleum itself is a broad range of petroleum products including crude oil itself
    - - natural gas is colorless, shapeless, and odourless in its pure from
      - unlike other fossil fuel, natural gas is clean burning and emits lower levels of potentially harmful byproducts into the air. It is therefore called "clean gas"
  - - - solar panels are made up of photovoltaic cells, which convert sunlight into direct current electricity thought the day
    - - when the wind turbine spin it will create electricity
    - - the large underwater turbines are placed in areas with high tidal movements and are design to capture the kinetic motion of the ebbing and surging of ocean tides in order to produce electicity
    - - produce from living organism form metabolic by products
    - - trapping into steam or hot water reservoirs underground, the heat is used to drive an electrical generator