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PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION ((Plasma Membrane : To protect the cells from its…
PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
Definition: The animals are able to adapt to their surroundings by preserving their homeostasis and optimize their metabolism to deal with external environment.
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Cells are basic unit of life (Matthias Schleiden & Theodor Schwann, 1839).
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Examples: hormonal response, protein synthesis, enzymatic activities, neuronal signaling, & etc.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum : Functions as synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins.
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Cytoskeleton : To provide machinery for organelles transport, chromosome segregation during mitosis and cell division.
Centrosome : Function as to organize the microtubules, provide structure for cells, and aids in to pull apart the chromatids during cell division.
Vesicles : Act as cellular envelopes to transport molecules from one place to another, function in metabolism, and enzyme storage.
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Passive transport
Simple Diffusion
Definition: The process of diffusion where the substances able to pass through the plasma membrane without the help integral membrane protein.
Facilitated Diffusion
Definition: The process of diffusion that transport molecules through the transport protein such as carrier and channel protein and without required energy.
Active transport
Definition: The movement of molecules which passing through the plasma membranes against concentration gradient and thus require energy such as sodium-potassium pump.
Bulk Transport
Endocytosis
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