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Augustine and Human Nature. (Augustine's Key Words. (Will = The part…
Augustine and Human Nature.
Perfection - All humans were created by God in the image of God. The concept of the "Garden of Eden" was that God Walked with them through there time there. Before it all went wrong, Gods creation was in harmony. Adam and Eve were also in harmony. The way they lived was right.
The Fall - The idea/ theory of "The Fall" is based around the sin of both humans and angels when they disobeyed God. by doing this it broke the relationship they had with God.
Human Nature is blameless and innocent from birth, but because we are decedents from Adam and Eve we possess sin from the moment we are born, this is original sin. Our good qualities were created by God but poisoned by Adam and Eve, our free will leads us into sin. However by believing in Christ then we could be saved from sin and brought to the good. Those who do not believe in Christ cannot be saved.
Augustine's Key Words.
Will = The part of human nature that makes choices.
The Fall = The Biblical event in which Adam and Eve disobeyed God.
Charitas = Generous love, and love for others.
Cupiditas = Selfish desire or love of worldly things.
Summum Bodum = Highest good.
Original Sin = The idea that sin is transmitted from Adam and Eve and all humans are broken and in a sinful state.
Grace = God's free and undeserved love for humanity.
Misogynistic = Hatred towards women.
Augustine vs Pelagius.
Augustine said that Pelagius was a teacher of false teachings.
Augustine has a poor view towards women
So God created man in his own image. "In the image of God he created him, male and female he created them." - Genesis, 1:27
Whilst Augustine may appear quite sexist by modern standards. His views on gender are more enlightened that many of his contemporaries.t
Augustine does not have a poor view towards women,
Augustine believed that although male and female are equal, their bodies are different and just as sex requires the male to be active and the female is to be passive in obeying her husband, bearing children and organising the household.
The Fall gives different punishments to male and female. For men this involved the pain of hard and pointless work; for women the pain of child birth. Although some thinkers thought that Eve was being punished more for tempting Adam, Augustine rejects this. The punishments are just different.
Augustine vs ....
Dawkins = Totally disagrees with Augustine. He says that there is no such thing as "Original Sin", humans just make mistakes. He believes in evolution, no difference between us and animals. Criticises "The Fall and Original Sin".
Kant = Selfish and viscous humans. We are not broken, so we can choose to do either good or bad things because original sin does not exist. We are capable to things rationally.
Sartre = Did not believe in Human Nature. Humans do not have a Nature because we are always changing. Humans are born genuinely free. Belief in bad faith, not having belief within yourself. Hide behind excuses, holding your thoughts back.
Freud = He said that sex was a necessary to become a healthy human being. That original sin is not passed through sex. Sex is a "normal" part of life. Most psychological problems stem from sex.
Augustine on ...
Original Sin ad The Fall - Augustine says it is hard for him to argue that humans have free will when talking about original sin and the fall.
God's Grace - Augustine believes in predestination that God chooses who is saved. Only giving grace to some people.
Human Nature - We see examples of human nature gone wrong all around us.
The idea of "divine will" seems to fit with our experience.
Augustine's writing on friendship "concordia" are overwhelming positive about our relationships with others.
Augustine is also very positive towards Human Nature. Despite the image of God is present. Humans are rational, free, relational and moral