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Energy and its transformation (Non conventional electric power plants…
Energy and its transformation
Energy sources
Types
By use in each country
Non-conventional
Wind power
Conventional
Geothermal
By environmental impact
Pollutants
Coal
Clean or non-poluting
Biomass
By origin
Secondary
Petroleum
Primary
Hydraulic
By availability in nature and capacity for regeneration
Non-renewable
Nuclear
Renewable
Solar
Uses
Industrial uses
Household ues
Electricity
How electric power plants work
An alternator has a fixed part, called a stator, and a moving part, called a rotor, connected to the turbine shaft
The turbine converts mechanical energy into the rotating movement of a shaft
Transport and distribution of electrical energy
Decreasing the voltage at the electncity substations to 3-30 kV
Transporting it by high voltage cable attached to towers
Distribution to homes, offices, industries and public facilities
Increasing the voltage to 220 000 V or 400 000 V to prevent significant energy loss
Reasons to use it
It can be easly transported
It can be easly transformed
Enviromental impact
Enviromental impacts
Electricity generation
Fuel transport
Final energy use
Extraction of natural resources
Some solutions
Energy diversification
Use of renewable energy source
Energy savings
Changing consumtion habits
Using public transport or bicycles
Efficiency
Electric cars
Low fuel consumption cars
Better home insulation
Waste treatment
Nuclear power plants
Store in drums with thick sides
Thermal power plants
Use coal with a low sulphur content
Maintain and increase the size of large forested areas
Install special filters
Conventional electric power plants
Fossil fuel thermal
Materials used
Gas
Petroleum
Coal
Boiler
Hydroelectric
Pump-dniven hydraulic power plants
Water descends into a reservoir located at a lower height, then pumped to a higher reservoir to reuse it
Gravity-driven hydraulic power plants
Water used follows the course of a river and won´t be reused
Nuclear
Uranium
Nuclear fission reactor
Non conventional electric power plants
Geothermal
Geothermal energy
Biomass thermal
sources used
Specific crops, such as sunflowers and sougar beet
Waste from agri-food industries
Forestry and agricultural waste
Biomass power plants
Solar
Photovoltaic
Solar radiation
Photovoltaic cells in photovoltaic panels
Photo-thermal
Sun heat
Heliostats
Ocean
types of energy used to produce electricity
T he mechanical energy from the waves
T he energy from the ocean's thermal gradient
The mechanical energy from the tides
turbine and generator
Wind power plants and wind farms
Wind
Turbine