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Factors that affect the intensity of food production (Physical (Soils and…
Factors that affect the intensity of food production
Physical
Climate
Average condition of the atmosphere of a certain place, usually about 30 years. It affects the types of crops that can be grown. Temperature & rainfall affect growth of plants.
Temperatures that fall below 5 degrees Celsius make it difficult for plant growth.
Cooler climates
Pea, broccoli, and strawberry
Warmer climates
e.g. Soya bean, 25 degrees to 28 degrees
Grown in greenhouses. Greenhouses are useful in temperate countries with short growing seasons. Greenhouses enable certain crops to grow throughout the year.
Rainfall
Varies among different crops. e.g. corn requires more water than soya bean
Tropics: 22 - 32 degrees Celsius annual rainfall greater than 2k mm
Winter is unsuitable for plant growth
Relief
Refers to the slope and altitude of a land surface.
Importance of steep relief
Importance of altitude
Importance of flatland
Soils and drainage
Soil is the top layer of the earth's surface, made up of rocks, mineral particles and organic matter.
Soil fertility depends on availability of air, water and nutrients from minerals in the soil.
Minerals required for plant growth: Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Fertile soils can be found in floodplains along a river, in deltas at the river mouth and in areas near volcanoes. Crop yield is high in these areas. e.g. Mekong Delta of Vietnam has high rice production.
Soil drainage
The ability of the soil to retain or drain off water. Improper soil drainage may hinder the growth of crops. e.g. oats require more sandy, well drained soils. Rice requires soil with more clay which retains large amounts of water.
Economic
Purpose of farming
Demand and Capital
Agribusiness
Political
Government policy
ASEAN
Technological Advances
Green Revolution
Fertilisers and pesticides
Improved irrigation
High yielding varieties
Mechanisation