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United States Constitution (Key Principles in the Constitution (Separation…
United States Constitution
Key Principles in the Constitution
Separation of Power:
Checks and Balances:
Limited Government:
Popular Sovereignty:
Rule of Law:
Republicanism:
Individual Rights:
Federalism: the principle or system of having government;
Enumerated Powers:
Reserves Powers: State powers
Pluralism:
Constitutional Convention
Slave Trade Compromise:
Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise): two houses; House of Representatives (Virginia Plan) Senate (New Jersey Plan)
Virginia Plan: based on population; more people, more representatives
New Jersey Plan: all states have the same number of votes
3/5 Compromise: 1 slave is 3/5 of a person, 5 slaves = 3 people; southern states want to boost pop. numbers to boost the number of representatives
Electoral College: States vote; 15 votes; the president and vice president are elected through the electoral college
Parts of the Constitution
Article 4: Discusses the responsibilities and duties of the states as well as what responsibilities the federal government has to the States.
Article 5: This article is about how the US Constitution can be changed. The only ways to change the constitution is by adding an amendment.
Article 3: The section that creates the judicial branch in the United States. The Judicial branch is the system of courts that look at the law and applies it to different cases. In the United States, the judicial branch of the federal government includes the United States Supreme Court and all the lower courts that are created by Congress
Article 6: Says that any debts or engagements that the country was involved in before the Constitution was put into action are still valid. Also, states that the US Constitution is the highest law of the country and that all state and federal officers and judges have to uphold the Constitution and all of its rules.
Article 2: Makes the executive branch of the government. The Executive branch of the government is the branch that has the responsibility and authority for the administration throughout the day of the state.
Article 7: Explains how many state ratifications are needed in order for the proposed Constitution to take place in the US and how a state could go about ratifying the Constitution. Before the Constitution, all of the states were following the government that was created in the Articles of Confederation. (9/13 states)
Article 1: Gives Congress its powers and limits. Congress is the legislative branch of the government, meaning they are the ones to make laws. The article also creates the two sections of Congress, which is called a bicameral legislature. The first is the Senate, which is made up of two senators from each state. The second is the House of Representatives, which has representatives from each state based on the population.
Federalists vs. Antifederalists
What were their arguments?:
The federalist wanted a strong central government and the anti-federalist thought it could potentially pose as a threat. The people would seize more and more power and then the government would just take over.
Who were they?:
Anti-federalist: a person who opposed the adoption of the U.S. Constitution; Federalist: a person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority.
What was the key compromise/agreement that got the Constitution passed?:
Bill of Right's
Amendments
How are amendments made?:
Proposal - An amendment can be proposed by either a two-thirds vote in Congress, including both the House of Representatives and the Senate, or a national convention made up of two-thirds of the states. All our current amendments were proposed by Congress. Ratification - Next, the amendment has to be ratified. It can be ratified by either three-fourths of the state legislatures or by state conventions in three-fourths of the states. Only the 21st amendment used the state convention method.
How many are there?:
Twenty-seven
Why are the first 10 so important?:
The purpose of these 10 Amendments is to protect the individuals of the US, protect their rights to property, their natural rights as individuals, and limit the Government’s power over the citizens.