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Elements of Speeches and Essays (Types of support (Facts- statements that…
Elements of Speeches and Essays
Rhetorical devices
repetition- the reuse of a key word, phrase, or idea
Parallel structure- the use of similar grammatical structures to express related ideas
Restatement- the expression of the same idea in different words to strengthen a point
Rhetorical questions- inquiries that have obvious answers and that are asked for effect
Analogies- comparisons that show similarities between things that are otherwise not alike
Types of support
Facts- statements that can be proved true
Statistics- numerical data that presents important info on a subject
Descriptions- details that tell what something looks like, sounds, etc.
Examples- specific cases that illustrate an idea
Reasons- statements that justify or explain
Expert Opinions- statements made by people who have specific knowledge on a topic
Imagery and Figurative Language
Imagery- includes vivid details that appeal to the five senses
Figurative Language- writing or speech that is not meant to be interpreted literally
Simile- indirect comparison that contains like or as
Metaphor- describes one thing as if it were another. Doesn't use like or as
Personification- assigns human characteristics to non human subjects
Connotations- emotional associations of words to play a key part in creating tone
Organization of Ideas
Chronological order- order in which things happen
Spatial order- presents details from left to right, up and down, etc.
List organization- presents conneted details or sorts them into categories
Compare and contrast organization- grouped according to their similarities and differences
Cause and effect organization- shows how one event causes another
Problem and solution organization- identifies a problem then presents ways to solve it