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TOK Essay (1.To what extent is all knowledge valuable? (The Arts (can be…
TOK Essay
1.To what extent is all knowledge valuable?
The Arts
can be personally valuable but there is no use for the arts
can be the bridge between personal and shared knowledge - can be used to describe personal experiences in ways words cannot, so has a high value for its communication
Natural Sciences
Nobel discovered dynamite - can be used to help mine, but also cause mass destruction, so is this knowledge valuable?
lots of knowledge we haven't been able to use yet - simply gaining knowledge for enjoyment aesthetic value - is this really valuable?
Religious Knowledge Systems
this AOK can be used to answer the meaning of life. People value religious knowledge for the change it makes to their life and how it shapes their life. For many people, faith is a key way in which they try to understand and explain the world. Therefore can Atheism be valued? Since there is no faith in anything bigger and there are no questions answered?
is all religious knowledge valuable with the fights it causes? Beli
2.To what extent does the difficulty in producing knowledge make that knowledge more valid?
Natural Sciences
rigorous process
always trying to prove something wrong
reason prevails - will not just accept a fact based on faith and hope - has to be evidence
even if we cannot do anything with the knowledge at the moment, valued for the high level of difficulty to understand and produce more
hypotheses go through many experiments and judges by groups of people before the new knowledge is accepted
takes a long time even after its accepted for it to become a law - widely accepted as a fact that won't change
e.g. Newtons Laws - it is known that f=ma , will not change, has been tested in so many circumstances that there is 100% certainty there is no circumstance where it is not true - it is very valid
disagree - quote from Kayleigh
prior knowledge can cause you to think test results are anomolies or not even register the meaning behind them as it would defy what you believed before and what you told people and maybe make you wrong
so knowledge not always valid if the disproof has been ignored due to emotional irrationality
Religious Knowledge Systsems
comes with either a great deal of difficulty (soul searching) or no difficulty at all (told by parents)
even if it came with great difficulty for one person, and now they have a high value for it due to the shift in their sense perception - doesn't mean everyone should then gain the same knowledge
not suddenly so valid that everyone will believe it - e.g. Pentecostalists believe the energy comes through their bodies, but not everyone believes that
The Arts
the arts express experience of humans and are important to culture
experiences cannot be wrong or right, but art can take many hours to perfect, be it a painting, a dance or a novel
so difficulty in producing art
so the knowledge gained from the piece of art could be considered more valid explanation of the experience and culture
however Tracey Yemen: my bed and Jack Pollocks: splats of paint - didn't take lots of hours, so is the knowledge gained from the piece of art less valid?
3.To what extent does highly valued knowledge depend on your access to knowledge?
Natural Sciences
highly valued knowledge such as astrophysics = not easily accessible in developing countries, as it is something you are taught, however reduced accessibility to knowledge reduces the chances of gaining shared high value knowledge in natural sciences
The Arts
Sense Perception. prior knowledge can shape perception, so you're not directly seeing the world.
So prior knowledge and access to lots of knowledge can shape how you view highly valued knowledge
Religious Knowledge Systems
e.g. Hinduism - high and lower knowledge. lower knowledge = information gained through practical skills; dealing with the material world. this is considered as ignorance, something without value. Higher knowledge is desired, yet can only be gained through education, which can be limited by accessibility.
Ways of Knowing
Reason
Faith
Sense Perception