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Hormones (Hypothalamic Chemical
hormone/factor nature
Thyrotropin…
Hormones
1. Pituitary
(b) Posterior
Oxytocin,
Antidiuretic hormone
(ADH, Vasopressin).
(a) Anterior
Growth hormone (GH),
Prolactin(Prl),
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, Corticotropin),
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH, Thyrotropin),
Gonadotropins—Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
and Luteinizing hormone (LH).
Growth hormone (GH):
Human GH produced by recombinant DNA technique (rhGH) -treatment of pituitary dwarfism
-
GONADOTROPINS (Gns)
FSH
LH
- Menotropins (FSH + LH)
- Urofollitropin or Menotropin (pure FSH)
- Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG):
Recombinant human FSH (rFSH: Follitropin and follitropin
Treatment of:
- Amenorrhoea and infertility
- Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism in
males
- Cryptorchidism
- To aid in vitro fertilization
Hypothalamic Chemical
hormone/factor nature
- Thyrotropin releasing Tripeptide
hormone (TRH)
- Corticotropin releasing Peptide
hormone (CRH) (41 AAs)
- Gonadotropin releasing Decapeptide
hormone (GnRH,
LH-RH/FSH-RH),
Gonadorelin
- Prolactin release inhibi- Dopamine
tory hormone (PRIH)
- Growth hormone Peptide
releasing hormone (40, 44 AAs)
(GHRH)
- Somatostatin (Growth Peptide (14 AA)
hormone release
inhibitory hormone)
-
-
-
THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE
(TSH, THYROTROPIN)
Use:
Thyrotropin has no therapeutic use. Thyroxine is the
drug of choice even when hypothyroidism is due to TSH
deficiency. The diagnostic application is to differentiate
myxoedema due to pituitary dysfunction from primary thyroid
disease.
ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE
(ACTH, CORTICOTROPIN)
Use:
ACTH is used primarily for the diagnosis of disorders
of pituitary adrenal axis. Injected i.v. 25 IU causes increase
in plasma cortisol if the adrenals are functional. Direct assay of plasma ACTH level is now preferred.
THYROID HORMONES:
T4 Thyroxine; is 3, 5, 3´, 5´–tetraiodothyronine
T3 is 3, 5, 3´ triiodothyronine
THYROID INHIBITORS
1. Inhibit hormone synthesis (Antithyroid
drugs)
Propylthiouracil,
Methimazole
Carbimazole
2. Inhibit iodide trapping (Ionic inhibitors)
Thiocyanates (–SCN), Perchlorates (–ClO4),
Nitrates (–NO3).
3. Inhibit hormone release
Iodine, I
odides of Na and K,
Organic iodide.
4. Destroy thyroid tissue
Radioactive iodine (131I, 125I,