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Cells at work-cell metabolism (Carbohydrates (Monosaccharides (Are simple…
Cells at work-cell metabolism
Metabolism
All the chemical reactions occurring in all living organisms.
Catabolism
Chemical reaction that break down large organic molecules into smaller ones.
Releases energy
Anabolism
The process of combining small molecules to make larger ones.
Requires energy
Also know as synthesis
Organic Compounds
Organic compounds
Large molecules that always contain the element carbon
Inorganic
Not containing carbon (e.g. water, oxygen) or having small molecules (e.g. carbon dioxide)
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Are simple sugars or single-unit sugars; examples are glucose, fructose and galactose
Carbohydrates always contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Disaccharides
Two simple sugars joined together; examples are sucrose, maltose and glactose
Polysaccharides
Large numbers of simple sugars joined together; examples are glycogen, cellulose and starch
Protein
Proteins always contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, and often sulfur and phosphorous
They are made up of large numbers of smaller molecules called amino acids
Lipids
Contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, but much less oxygen than carbohydrates.
Examples of lipids are: fats, stored o=in the body as energy reserves; phospholipids, important in cell membrane; steroids, including cholesterol and the sex hormones